小学低年级亲子阅读调查研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 09:53

【摘要】：古语曰:“遗子千金,不如遗子一经。”强调了精神财富比物质财富更重要,阐述了阅读的重要意义。由于小学低年级的儿童正处于发展阶段,其识字能力及理解能力比较弱,独立阅读的实现对他们来说有一定的难度,需要的是一个漫长的学习过程,因此在其未能够完全了解掌握文字的意思和内涵之前,成人的陪伴和正确指导是非常有必要的,而亲子阅读就是一种基于父母指导下的、有效培养儿童独立阅读的方式之一。由于“亲子阅读”这一概念最初是从幼儿与家长的阅读互动中而来,其研究大多是集中在早期幼儿教育方面,关于小学的研究尤其是小学低年级阶段的研究更是寥寥可数,小学低年级是人生的奠基阶段,是儿童身心发展的黄金阶段,也是儿童由学前教育走向学校正规教育的关键阶段,在此阶段进行亲子阅读对小学生来说是百利而无一害,不仅利于开阔视野,锻炼大脑思维的发散,积累相关的语言知识,加强亲子之间的沟通交流,更重要的是能够帮助儿童形成对阅读浓厚的兴趣和主动阅读的良好习惯,甚至影响到其性格、气质和思想品德的发展,对以后的成长影响深远。在此基础之上,本文通过分析借鉴相关的文献资料,以潍坊市浞景学校为对象,综合运用文献分析法,访谈法以及问卷调查法等方法,针对小学低年级阶段的亲子阅读情况进行详细的调查研究。本文主要从“亲子阅读的观念”、“亲子阅读的具体开展情况”以及“亲子阅读的环境”三方面展开调查。其中关于“亲子阅读的具体开展情况”,本文由“父母的参与度”、“进行的时间与频率”、“阅读材料的选择”以及“父母的指导方法”四个方面展开。根据整理和分析调查结果的,不难发现小学低年级的亲子阅读存在着诸多问题,主要概括为以下六个方面:缺乏正确的亲子阅读观念,对其价值、作用以及主要目的等方面的认识存在着误区,将亲子阅读等同于学校的课堂阅读教育,过于强调亲子阅读对孩子智育发展的影响;重视阅读过程中知识的传授,但是忽视了孩子的主观感受和阅读的兴趣所在,将阅读的范围限于父母所重视的提高学习成绩等方面,不顾及儿童身心发展的规律;缺乏挑选亲子阅读材料的能力,材料选择的主观性强,材料选择的盲目性,材料选择的功利性;父母采用的亲子阅读的指导方法缺乏合理性和针对性,并且缺少相关的专业知识,因而无法对孩子进行有效的、针对性的指导;父亲角色的缺失,由于父亲在融入亲子的教育中付出实际行动的量与母亲相比要低得多,这使得教育产生了严重的失衡现象。鉴于以上问题,本研究提出了一些具有针对性的改进策略:纠正父母的错误观念,树立科学的亲子阅读观,明确其意义和价值所在,走出误区;挑选适宜儿童的阅读的材料,提高其内容的质量;选择科学的、创新的、形式多样的指导方法,使阅读的过程更具有趣味性和教育意义;重视孩子的阅读兴趣所在及其主观体验,帮助儿童形成对阅读的浓厚兴趣和良好习惯;明确“父亲角色”的意义所在,提高父亲的参与度;营造良好的阅读环境,让儿童在愉悦的氛围下进行阅读。
[Abstract]:The ancient language said, "a thousand gold is better than a son." it emphasizes that spiritual wealth is more important than material wealth, and expounds the importance of reading. As the children of the junior grade are at the stage of development, their literacy and understanding are relatively weak, and the realization of independent reading is difficult for them and needs a long time. The process of learning, therefore, is necessary for the adult to accompany and correct guidance before it can fully understand the meaning and connotation of the text, and parent-child reading is one of the ways to effectively cultivate children's independent reading based on parental guidance. The concept of "parent child reading" is originally from children and parents. In the course of reading, most of the research is focused on early childhood education. The research on primary school, especially in the lower grade of primary school, is very few. The junior grade is the foundation stage of life, the golden stage of children's physical and mental development, and the key stage for children to go from preschool education to regular school education. In this stage, parent-child reading is a hundred profit and no harm to pupils. It is not only conducive to broadened horizons, to exercise the divergence of brain thinking, to accumulate relevant language knowledge and to strengthen communication and communication between parents and children. More importantly, it is also important to help children to form a good habit of reading strong interest and active reading, even affecting them. The development of character, temperament and moral character has a profound influence on the future growth. On the basis of this, this article, through the analysis and reference of relevant literature and materials, takes the methods of literature analysis, interview and questionnaire survey in Weifang city as the object, and gives a detailed analysis of the reading situation of the parents and children in the lower grade of primary school. This paper mainly investigates the three aspects of "parent child reading concept", "specific development of parent-child reading" and "parent-child reading environment". In this paper, "parental participation", "parental participation", "time and frequency", "selection of reading materials" And "parental guidance" four aspects. According to the collation and analysis of the results of the investigation, it is not difficult to find that there are many problems in the reading of parent-child reading in the lower grade of primary school, which are mainly summarized in the following six aspects: the lack of correct idea of parent-child reading, the misunderstanding of its value, its role and the main purpose, and the parents and children. Reading is equal to the school reading education, overemphasizing the influence of parent-child reading on the development of children's intellectual development, emphasizing the imparting of knowledge in the process of reading, but neglecting the children's subjective feelings and interest in reading, and limiting the scope of reading to the improvement of the academic achievements that parents pay attention to, regardless of the physical and mental development of the children. Law; the lack of ability to select parent-child reading materials, the subjectivity of material selection, the blindness of material selection, the utilitarianism of material selection; the lack of rationality and pertinence, and lack of relevant professional knowledge, and the lack of relevant professional knowledge of parents and children's parents, so that the children are unable to carry out effective and pertinent guidance to the children; the father's role Missing, because the amount of actual action paid by the father in parent-child education is much lower than that of the mother, this makes the education a serious imbalance. In view of the above problems, this study puts forward some pertinent improvement strategies: correcting the misconceptions of parents, setting up a scientific view of parent-child reading, and making clear its meaning and price. To choose the reading materials suitable for children, to improve the quality of their content, to select scientific, innovative, and diversified guidance, to make the process of reading more interesting and educational; to attach importance to the children's interest in reading and their subjective test, to help children to form a strong interest in reading and good practice. Habitus, clear the meaning of "father's role", improve father's participation, create a good reading environment, let children read in a pleasant atmosphere.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G78

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