汉语普通话特殊型语言障碍儿童被动句习得研究
发布时间:2017-05-09 09:07
本文关键词:汉语普通话特殊型语言障碍儿童被动句习得研究,由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
【摘要】:本文研究了讲普通话的特殊语言障碍(Specific Language Impairment,简称SLI)儿童习得被动句的情况。通过与英语SLI儿童进行比较,本文试图在论元链缺损假说(Argument ChainDeficit Hypothesis,简称ACDH)(BorerWexler,1987,1992)和普遍语法语段要求(UniversalP hase Requir ement,简称UPR)(Wexler,2004,2007)的基础上解释该类儿童被动结构发展中的共性与个性。 本研究采用控制实验和自然语料两种方法,考察了长沙、广州、合肥和新乡四个地方的12名S LI儿童、12名年龄相当组儿童(Typically-Developing Age Matched Children,简称TDA)和12名语言能力相当组儿童(Typically-Developing Younger Children,简称TDY)对于不同种类的被动句的产出和理解。主要从以下四个方面探讨SLI儿童对被动句的习得:汉语中正常儿童和S LI儿童对带不同述补结构的被动句的理解和产出情况;汉语中SLI儿童与正常儿童对被动句中施事与受事的掌握情况;比较汉语SLI儿童与英语SLI儿童习得被动句的异同;验证汉语正常儿童和S LI儿童在习得被动句时是否符合ACDH和UPR的假设。 控制实验结果显示:对于带不同述补结构的被动句的产出和理解,SLI儿童与TDA儿童有显著性差异,而SLI儿童与T DY儿童没有显著性差异;在被动句的模仿方面,SLI儿童与TDA儿童和T DY儿童都有显著性差异。从受试儿童产出的句型获知儿童对被动句中施事与受事的掌握,其中产出长被动句数量最多的是T DA儿童,其次是TDY儿童,最后是SLI儿童;三组儿童产出的短被动句数量相当,与论元链缺损假说和普遍语法语段要求的预测不完全一致。 自然语料数据显示:三组儿童产出最多的都是带结果补语的短被动句,即NP1-BEI-V-RC结构。从产出的时间看,SLI儿童产出长被动句和短被动句的时间均晚于TDA儿童。另外,实验结果显示汉语SLI儿童与英语SLI儿童既存在相似性,即SLI儿童在被动句的习得方面落后于T DA儿童;又存在差异性,,表现在英语SLI儿童倾向于把短被动句理解为形容词结构,而汉语S LI儿童容易用受事主语句替代短被动句。最后,本文探讨了研究结果对当代SLI理论研究的实践意义。
【关键词】:汉语 特殊语言障碍 儿童 被动句 习得
【学位授予单位】:湖南大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2013
【分类号】:H193.1;G762.2
【目录】:
- 摘要5-6
- Abstract6-11
- List of Figures11-12
- List of Tables12-13
- Chapter 1 Introduction13-17
- 1.1 Children with SLI13-14
- 1.2 Significance of the Study14-15
- 1.3 Research Questions15
- 1.4 Organization of the Thesis15-17
- Chapter 2 Literature Review17-28
- 2.1 Passive Structures in Mandarin Chinese17-21
- 2.1.1 Syntax of Passives in Mandarin Chinese17-18
- 2.1.2 Semantics of Passives in Mandarin Chinese18-19
- 2.1.3 Summary of the Properties of Chinese Passives19-21
- 2.2 The Acquisition of Passives by Typically Developing Children21-24
- 2.2.1 The Acquisition of Passives in Other Languages21-23
- 2.2.2 The Acquisition of Passives in Mandarin Chinese23-24
- 2.3 The Acquisition of Passives in Children with SLI24-25
- 2.4 Theoretical Hypothesis and Prediction25-28
- 2.4.1 A-chain Deficit Hypothesis25-26
- 2.4.2 Universal Phase Requirement26-28
- Chapter 3 Methodology28-37
- 3.1 Subjects28-30
- 3.1.1 Children with SLI28-30
- 3.1.2 Typically Developing Children30
- 3.2 Materials30-32
- 3.2.1 Verbs in the Test Items30-31
- 3.2.2 Passive Markers in the Test Items31
- 3.2.3 Agents and Patients in Test Items31
- 3.2.4 Complements in Test Items31
- 3.2.5 Test Items31-32
- 3.3 Procedure32-33
- 3.3.1 Experiment 132-33
- 3.3.2 Experiment 233
- 3.3.3 Experiment 333
- 3.4 Scoring33-35
- 3.4.1 Language Production34
- 3.4.2 Language Comprehension34
- 3.4.3 Sentence Imitation34-35
- 3.5 Naturalistic Data35-37
- 3.5.1 Collection of Natural Language35-36
- 3.5.2 Transcription of Natural Language36-37
- Chapter 4 Results37-52
- 4.1 Results of Controlled Experiments37-48
- 4.1.1 Children's Production of Passive Structure37-38
- 4.1.2 Children's Comprehension of Passive Structure38-40
- 4.1.3 Children's Imitation of Passive Structure40-41
- 4.1.4 Three Different Complements in Children's Passive Structure41-46
- 4.1.5 Number of Passive Sentential Forms Children Produced46-48
- 4.2 Analysis of Natural Language48-50
- 4.2.1 Children's Production of Three Types of Passives48-49
- 4.2.2 Children's Production of Passives with Three Complements49-50
- 4.2.3 Production of Passives by Children in Different Ages50
- 4.3 Summary50-52
- Chapter 5 Discussion52-59
- 5.1 Similarities to Previous Studies52-53
- 5.1.1 Mastery of Passives by Children with SLI and TDA Children52
- 5.1.2 Children's Mastery of Agents and Patients in Passives52-53
- 5.1.3 Children's Mastery of Three Complement Structures in Passives53
- 5.2 Differences from Previous Studies53-55
- 5.2.1 Mastery of Passives by Children with SLI and TDY Children53-54
- 5.2.2 Differences between Mandarin-speaking Children with SLI and English-speaking Children with SLI54
- 5.2.3 Syntax Analysis of Chinese Passives54-55
- 5.3 Implications for Mandarin-speaking Children with SLI55-59
- 5.3.1 The Sparse Morphology Hypothesis56
- 5.3.2 Representational Deficit for Dependent Relations56-59
- Conclusion59-61
- References61-65
- Appendix A 攻读学位期间发表的学术论文65-66
- Appendix B Experiment Materials66-69
- Appendix C 详细中文摘要69-72
- Acknowledgements72
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本文关键词:汉语普通话特殊型语言障碍儿童被动句习得研究,由笔耕文化传播整理发布。
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