大学生创业者先前经验与创业绩效关系研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 01:29

本文关键词：大学生创业者先前经验与创业绩效关系研究　出处：《浙江财经大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,大学生创业已经成为了热点话题,在这个大学生毕业就业难的社会背景下,以大学生创业带动就业已经成为了整个社会的共识。同时,文化素质相对较高的大学生群体创业也有利于推动技术创新的发展。但是,我国大学生创业的现状难以令人满意:创业率不足5%,远低于发达国家20%左右的比例(王亚栋,2010),其中成功率也不到5%(王星,2010),大学生创业中止或失败的案例层出不穷。由此可以推断,如何提高大学生创业者的创业成功率是一个重要的议题。大学生创业者由于进入社会时间普遍较短而导致在经验上存在不足,因此大学生创业者先前经验对创业绩效的影响引起创业领域人士包括学者的关注。但在现有研究中关于大学生创业者先前经验对创业绩效的影响作用机制仍未得到一个公认的答案。基于以上客观现实与学术背景,本文以机会识别能力和创业承诺为切入点,探讨大学生创业者先前经验对创业绩效的影响作用机制。本文在系统回顾创业者先前经验、机会识别能力、创业承诺、创业绩效相关文献的基础上,构建研究模型并提出理论假设,运用SPSS20.0进行实证检验。首先,通过小样本问卷测试,检验问卷信效度水平,根据结果调整测量题项;其次,在大样本测试中,对研究数据的信效度再次检验;最后,对通过信效度检验的样本数据进行单因素方差分析、相关性分析及线性回归分析,检验前文提出的研究假设。研究结果表明:(1)创业经验、行业经验对生存绩效有显著的正向影响,职能经验对生存绩效没有显著的正向影响;创业经验、职能经验对成长绩效有显著的正向影响,行业经验对成长绩效没有显著的正向影响;(2)创业经验、行业经验对机会识别能力有显著的正向影响,职能经验对识别能力没有显著的正向影响;(3)机会识别能力在创业经验、行业经验与生存绩效的关系中起中介作用,机会识别能力没有在职能经验与生存绩效的关系中起中介作用;机会识别能力在创业经验与成长绩效的关系中起中介作用,机会识别能力没有在行业经验、职能经验与成长绩效的关系中起中介作用;(4)创业承诺对机会识别能力与生存绩效、机会识别能力与成长绩效的关系有正向调节作用。与以往的研究相比,本文的创新之处是:(1)以机会识别能力为研究视角,探索其在先前经验与创业绩效关系中的中介效应,实证结果也证明了机会识别能力的中介作用,揭示了“经验-绩效”黑箱实质,丰富了先前经验研究;(2)引入体现创业者个体特征的创业承诺作为机会识别能力与创业绩效关系间的调节变量加以检验,为大学生创业者如何利用自身创业承诺提高创业绩效提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the entrepreneurship of college students has become a hot topic. Under the background of the difficult employment of graduates, it has become the consensus of the whole society. Entrepreneurship of college students with relatively high cultural quality is also conducive to promoting the development of technological innovation. However, the status quo of college students' entrepreneurship in China is not satisfactory: the entrepreneurship rate is less than 5%. Far below the developed countries' ratio of about 20% (Wang Yadong / 2010, where the success rate is also less than 5%) (Uranus 2010). There are many cases of college students stopping or failing to start a business, which can be inferred. How to improve the entrepreneurial success rate of college students entrepreneurs is an important issue. College students entrepreneurs because of the generally short time to enter society lead to lack of experience. Therefore, the impact of previous experience on entrepreneurial performance has attracted the attention of entrepreneurs, including scholars. However, the mechanism of the impact of previous experience on entrepreneurial performance has not been obtained in existing studies. To a recognized answer. Based on the above objective reality and academic background. In this paper, opportunity recognition ability and entrepreneurial commitment are taken as the starting point to explore the mechanism of the impact of previous experience on entrepreneurial performance. This paper systematically reviews the previous experience of entrepreneurs, opportunity recognition ability. On the basis of entrepreneurial commitment and entrepreneurial performance related literature, this paper constructs a research model and puts forward theoretical assumptions, using SPSS20.0 for empirical testing. First, through a small sample questionnaire test. The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested and the items were adjusted according to the results. Secondly, in the large sample test, the reliability and validity of the research data are tested again. Finally, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis and linear regression analysis are used to test the research hypotheses put forward in the previous paper. The results show that: 1) Entrepreneurial experience. Industry experience has a significant positive impact on survival performance, while functional experience has no significant positive impact on survival performance; Entrepreneurial experience, functional experience has a significant positive impact on growth performance, industry experience has no significant positive impact on growth performance; (2) Entrepreneurial experience, industry experience has significant positive influence on opportunity recognition ability, but functional experience has no significant positive effect on recognition ability; (3) the ability of opportunity identification plays an intermediary role in the relationship between entrepreneurial experience, industry experience and survival performance, but not in the relationship between functional experience and survival performance; Opportunity recognition ability plays an intermediary role in the relationship between entrepreneurial experience and growth performance, while opportunity recognition ability does not play an intermediary role in the relationship between industry experience, functional experience and growth performance; (4) Entrepreneurial commitment has a positive effect on the relationship between opportunity recognition ability and survival performance, opportunity recognition ability and growth performance. The innovation of this paper is that: (1) from the perspective of opportunity recognition ability, this paper explores its intermediary effect in the relationship between previous experience and entrepreneurial performance. The empirical results also prove the intermediary role of opportunity recognition ability. It reveals the essence of the "experience-performance" black box and enriches the previous empirical research. 2) introducing entrepreneurial commitment which reflects the individual characteristics of entrepreneurs as an adjustment variable of the relationship between opportunity recognition ability and entrepreneurial performance. It provides a new way for college student entrepreneurs to make use of their entrepreneurial commitment to improve their entrepreneurial performance.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.38;F279.2

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