大学生科学探究能力评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 02:13

本文关键词：大学生科学探究能力评价研究　出处：《东南大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从20世纪中后期开始,以美国为首的国家开始进行科学教育改革,各国政府及相关国际评价组织越来越重视对学生科学探究能力水平的评价。而通过前期阅读相关文献发现,我国有关科学探究能力的研究对象大多数集中于中小学生,针对大学生科学探究能力的研究相对匮乏,并且评价方式单一。本研究选择南京某重点高校及某普通高校大一学生,对其科学探究能力水平进行评价。本研究主要包括以下两方面的内容：(1)理论研究：对有关概念进行界定,介绍并分析了国内外科学探究能力评价方式及评价体系,为研究提供了理论基础。(2)实证研究：本研究的核心部分。本研究结合“基本要素分析法”,确定了科学的评价体系,有着明确的评价目标,并结合工作单及纸笔测试两种评价方式,对南京地区两所高校大学生的科学探究能力进行考察。根据研究发现：目前大学生具备了基本的探究能力；不同学生之间能力发展水平不同,两种方式下：校际、高中分科、本科专业三个因素上差异均显著,户籍因素上差异均不显著。性别因素在工作单方式下差异不显著,纸笔测试方式下差异显著；整体上看,工作单得分高于纸笔测试,两种方式的结合使用可以很好地对大学生的科学探究能力进行评价。本研究针对发现的问题,从高校、教师与评价者、学生三方面提出了相应的改进建议：高校要调整课程设置、加强各院系合作；教师要因材施教、鼓励男女合作、加强师生互动；评价者采用合适评测体系科学评价；学生要对自身的科学探究能力水平有着清晰的了解,及时学习并掌握相关能力提升的方法。
[Abstract]:From the beginning in late twentieth Century, led by the United States government began the reform of science education, governments and relevant international organizations to evaluate more and more attention to the evaluation of the students' scientific inquiry ability. And through the early reading of related literature, the research object in our country on the scientific inquiry ability mainly focus on primary and secondary school students, according to the study of College Students' scientific inquiry the ability is relatively poor, and a single evaluation method. This research chooses Nanjing as a key university and a college freshman, to evaluate the abilities of science inquiry. This study mainly includes the following two aspects: (1) theoretical research: defines the related concepts, introduces and analyzes the domestic and foreign scientific inquiry ability evaluation methods and evaluation system, provides a theoretical basis for the study. (2) an empirical study: the core part of this study. This study combined " The factor analysis method, to determine the scientific evaluation system, a clear evaluation target, combined with the single and pen test two kinds of evaluation methods, to investigate two university students in Nanjing area of scientific inquiry ability. According to the findings of the research: at present, college students have the basic ability of inquiry; ability development among the students of different, in two ways: schools, high school division, undergraduate three factors were significant difference between household factors, the differences were not significant. The gender factor in a single way under different pen and paper test methods showed significant differences; overall, single scored higher than the pen test combining the two ways, can be very good on College Students' scientific inquiry ability evaluation. This study aimed at the problem of discovery, from universities, teachers and evaluation, put forward the corresponding improvement of students in three areas Suggestion: universities should adjust the curriculum, strengthen the cooperation of each department; teachers should teach students in accordance with their aptitude, to encourage cooperation between men and women, to strengthen teacher-student interaction; evaluation of the appropriate evaluation system of scientific evaluation; students of their abilities of science inquiry has a clear understanding, learning and mastering methods in improving the ability.

【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G642

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