清末社会舆论中的留学教育研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 08:24

本文关键词： 清末留学教育社会舆论　出处：《江苏师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1872年清政府派出第一批官派留学生,到清末十余年,中国出国留学教育大规模兴起,出国留学的人数也空前增加,这与清末十余年间清末社会舆论对留学教育的追捧有着重要关联。清末以报刊杂志为主要媒介,大力宣传留学救国、倡导清廷贵胄留学,反对性别差异,呼吁女性受教育,强调女子留学的重要性。同时,还对各级各地政府关于留学的利好政策进行大力鼓吹,并极力宣扬留学生在归国后地位高、就业优势等。虽然也有一些质疑声,但总体留学舆论呈现高涨之势。究其社会根源,主要在于清末国家救亡任务的现实需要,也有两次鸦片战争后就开始的“西学东渐”的逐渐深入,当然留学舆论的高涨与清末社会经济发展对社会人才的需求也有重要关系。另外,停科举之后,知识分子对自身出路的寻求也是社会舆论追捧留学教育的重要原因。总体来说,清末留学舆论的高涨,为留学教育的发展提供了良好的舆论环境,适应了当时中国对新式人才的需求。但由于舆论对留学教育寄予了太高乃至不切实际的希望,导致一些关于留学教育的理性思考有意无意地被忽略或淹没。
[Abstract]:In 1872, the Qing government sent out the first batch of foreign students. By the end of Qing Dynasty, more than a decade ago, China's education to study abroad rose on a large scale, and the number of people studying abroad also increased unprecedentedly. This is related to the pursuit of overseas education by public opinion in the late Qing Dynasty. In the late Qing Dynasty, newspapers and magazines were used as the main media to promote the study abroad to save the country, to advocate the Qing government to study abroad, and to oppose the gender difference. Call on women to receive education, stress the importance of women studying abroad. At the same time, to all levels of local governments on the good policy of studying abroad, and strongly promote the status of foreign students after returning to the country. Although there are some doubts about the employment advantage, the overall public opinion on studying abroad is on the rise. The social origin of the study lies mainly in the realistic need of the task of national salvation in the late Qing Dynasty. There are also two Opium Wars that began after the gradual deepening of "Western learning eastward", of course, the upsurge of public opinion abroad and the social and economic development of the late Qing Dynasty, the demand for social talent is also important. In addition, after the imperial examination stopped. In general, the upsurge of public opinion in the late Qing Dynasty provided a good public opinion environment for the development of studying abroad education. It adapts to the demand for new talents in China at that time, but because the public opinion has placed too high and even unrealistic hopes on the education of studying abroad, some rational thinking about the education of studying abroad has been neglected or drowned out intentionally or unintentionally.
【学位授予单位】：江苏师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G648.9

【参考文献】