我国顶尖研究型大学工科博士职业选择多元化及其应对策略——以清华大学为例

发布时间：2018-02-04 17:40

本文关键词： 工科博士职业选择多元化学术职业非学术职业　出处：《中国高教研究》2017年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于2005年至2015年的相关数据,探究我国顶尖研究型大学工科博士毕业生初次职业选择趋势。结果显示,与其他学科相比,工科博士毕业生选择学术职业的比例占50%以上,另有近一半的毕业生选择到企业和党政机关等非学术职业单位就业,呈现出多元化发展趋势。此外,在学术职业和非学术职业内部,其职业选择也呈现出分化的趋势。建议设置多元化的工科博士培养目标与质量评价标准,建立更符合工科特点的博士生培养模式,促进博士生教育与职业发展的有效衔接,以鼓励博士生为职业多元化做好准备。
[Abstract]:Based on the relevant data from 2005 to 2015, this paper explores the trend of initial career selection of engineering doctoral graduates from the top research universities in China. The results show that it is compared with other disciplines. The proportion of engineering doctoral graduates choosing academic profession accounts for more than 50%, and nearly half of the graduates choose to take up employment in non-academic professional units such as enterprises and party and government organizations, showing a trend of diversified development. In academic and non-academic professions, their career choices also show a trend of differentiation. It is suggested to set up diversified training objectives and quality evaluation criteria for engineering PhDs. In order to encourage doctoral students to prepare for the diversity of their careers, we should establish a more suitable training model for doctoral students in accordance with the characteristics of engineering, and promote the effective linkage between doctoral education and professional development.
【作者单位】：清华大学教育研究院;清华大学就业指导中心;
【分类号】：G643
【正文快照】： 一、问题提出19世纪初伴随着研究所制度的产生与发展,德国首先建立了现代意义的博士教育体系[1]。从传统观念来看,学术型博士教育的宗旨是培养科学研究人才,或从事学术职业的人。狭义的学术职业仅指大学教师这一职业群体[2],但在各国实际调查研究中,学术职业包含的范围更广,包

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