透视美国研究型大学本科教学与科研关系的迷局

发布时间：2018-04-04 12:10

本文选题：美国研究型大学　切入点：教学与科研关系　出处：《高等教育研究》2016年12期

【摘要】：20世纪八九十年代以来,为应对社会批评,美国研究型大学开启了重建本科教育的运动,以平衡本科教学与科研关系。但这场改革的结果却是一场迷局。有些证据显示,美国研究型大学的本科教育得到极大关注,教学质量有很大改善;而也有证据显示,美国研究型大学本科教学与科研的失衡状况依旧,甚至更为突出。新制度主义可以给这一迷局提供一种答案,即美国研究型大学为了合法存在,设立了一些改革本科教育,提升教学质量的正式制度,同时又采取大量使用兼职教师和研究生助教,虚化教学学术,实施新进步主义教学等非正式策略,虚置了正式制度。由此,美国研究型大学就用正式制度向社会展示了重视本科教学的形象,又通过非正式策略,依然重视科研。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s and 1990s, in order to deal with the social criticism, American research universities have started the movement of rebuilding undergraduate education in order to balance the relationship between undergraduate teaching and scientific research.But the result of this reform is a puzzle.Some evidences show that the undergraduate education of American research universities has received great attention and the teaching quality has been greatly improved, while there is also evidence that the imbalance between undergraduate teaching and scientific research in American research universities remains even more prominent.The new institutionalism can provide an answer to this puzzle. In order to legally exist, American research universities have set up some formal systems to reform undergraduate education and improve the quality of teaching.At the same time, informal strategies such as the use of part-time teachers and graduate assistants, the futility of academic teaching and the implementation of new progressive teaching have been adopted, resulting in a virtual formal system.As a result, American research universities show the image of attaching importance to undergraduate teaching with the formal system, and still attach importance to scientific research through informal strategies.
【作者单位】：河南大学教育科学学院;
【基金】：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2013CJY008)
【分类号】：G649.712

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