新中国成立初期高等教育的变革与发展研究（1949-1957）

发布时间：2018-04-09 23:11

本文选题：高等教育　切入点：院系调整　出处：《贵州财经大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新中国成立初期,高等教育发生了重大的变革与发展,其中包括对近代中国知识分子的思想改造、高等教育的接管、“专才”教育调整高校院系、“以俄为师”,的高校教学体制、高校马列主义思想的传播。本文主要着重对“专才”教育和“以俄为师”的思想上以及建国初期高校党建工作上进行研究梳理。新中国成立初期,中国共产党以马克思主义为指导思想,这个时期我国高等教育改革的指导思想主要是以“提高人民文化水平,培养国家建设人才”和“发展为人民服务的思想”为主,中国高等教育一直发展缓慢,特别是专业型的人才并不凸显,这取决于人才的培养方式。只有确立“专才”教育的思想,中国高等教育才能得到新的提升,国家才能培养出真正符合目前国家建设型的专业人才。“以俄为师”,改革高等院校教学体制和建国初期高校党建工作是当时高等教育的一种特色,而且也是迈出了高校党建工作的第一步。新中国成立初期,高等教育的变革主要从共产党对高校的接收与改造进行说明,高等教育的发展主要从高等院校的党建工作进行说明,大批中国共产党员在高校担任领导,在传播马列主义的同时也加强了高校师生的人生观,从而更好地为人民服务。
[Abstract]:In the early days of the founding of New China, great changes and developments have taken place in higher education, including the ideological transformation of modern Chinese intellectuals, the takeover of higher education, the adjustment of "professionals" in colleges and departments, and the "taking Russia as a teacher".The teaching system in colleges and universities, and the spread of Marxism-Leninism in colleges and universities.This paper mainly focuses on the education of "professionals", the thought of "taking Russia as a teacher" and the Party building work in colleges and universities in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China.At the beginning of the founding of New China, the Communist Party of China took Marxism as its guiding ideology. During this period, the guiding ideology of China's higher education reform was mainly to "improve the people's cultural level."The cultivation of talents in national construction "and" the thought of developing and serving the people "is the main task. The development of higher education in China has been slow, especially the talents of professional type are not prominent, which depends on the way of cultivating talents.Only by establishing the thought of "professional" education, can China's higher education get a new promotion, and the country can cultivate professionals who are truly in line with the current national construction."taking Russia as a teacher", reforming the teaching system of colleges and universities and the work of party building in colleges and universities in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China was a characteristic of higher education at that time, and it was also the first step in the work of party building in colleges and universities.In the early days of the founding of New China, the reform of higher education was mainly explained by the Communist Party's acceptance and transformation of colleges and universities, and the development of higher education was mainly explained by the work of party building in institutions of higher learning. A large number of Chinese Communists served as leaders in colleges and universities.While spreading Marxism-Leninism, it also strengthens the outlook on life of teachers and students in colleges and universities, so as to serve the people better.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G649.29

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