加州高等教育总体规划和高等教育系统的成败及对中国的意义
发布时间：2018-11-20 22:00
【摘要】：加州大学校长克拉克·克尔和他的同时代人共同创造的1960年加州高等教育总体规划,首次让数百万美国家庭有机会进入到大学,并缔造了世界上实力最强的公立研究型大学系统。基于纳税人对教育机会平等这一公共利益的共识,在分层的高等教育体系中兼顾优秀和普遍入学的加利福尼亚理念,成为世界范围内高等教育的主导模式。然而,支撑加州理念的政治条件本身已经消失。总体规划实施的20多年后,纳税人的共识被打破,加州也不再提供保障优秀和普遍入学(尤其是非白人和移民家庭)的财政条件。现在许多学生被拒之大学门外,公共学费不断上涨,研究型大学面临新的挑战。加州高等教育入学率曾经一度在美国名列前茅,现在被远远甩到后面。本文考察了以总体规划为代表的加州高等教育体系的兴起和式微历程,并总结出对其他国家普遍的经验教训以及特别对中国的意义。
[Abstract]:The 1960 California Master Plan for higher Education, co-created by President Clark Kerr of the University of California and his contemporaries, gave millions of American families access to college for the first time. And created the world's most powerful public research university system. Based on the taxpayers' consensus on the public interest of equal opportunities in education, the California concept of taking into account excellent and universal admission in a hierarchical higher education system has become the dominant mode of higher education in the world. Yet the political conditions that underpin California's ideas have disappeared. More than 20 years after the master plan was implemented, the taxpayer consensus was broken, and California no longer provided the financial conditions to guarantee good and universal schooling, especially for non-white and immigrant families. Research universities are facing new challenges as many students are denied access to universities, public fees are rising and research universities are facing new challenges. California's higher education enrolment rate, once among the highest in the United States, is now far behind. This paper examines the rise and decline of California's higher education system, represented by the master plan, and summarizes the general experience and lessons for other countries and its significance to China in particular.
【作者单位】： 伦敦大学学院教育学院;清华大学教育研究院;
【分类号】：G649.712
本文编号：2346169
[Abstract]:The 1960 California Master Plan for higher Education, co-created by President Clark Kerr of the University of California and his contemporaries, gave millions of American families access to college for the first time. And created the world's most powerful public research university system. Based on the taxpayers' consensus on the public interest of equal opportunities in education, the California concept of taking into account excellent and universal admission in a hierarchical higher education system has become the dominant mode of higher education in the world. Yet the political conditions that underpin California's ideas have disappeared. More than 20 years after the master plan was implemented, the taxpayer consensus was broken, and California no longer provided the financial conditions to guarantee good and universal schooling, especially for non-white and immigrant families. Research universities are facing new challenges as many students are denied access to universities, public fees are rising and research universities are facing new challenges. California's higher education enrolment rate, once among the highest in the United States, is now far behind. This paper examines the rise and decline of California's higher education system, represented by the master plan, and summarizes the general experience and lessons for other countries and its significance to China in particular.
【作者单位】： 伦敦大学学院教育学院;清华大学教育研究院;
【分类号】：G649.712
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