南京市某高校医学生营养知识—态度—行为调查及健康状况分析

发布时间：2018-12-07 16:57

【摘要】：目的:通过本次调查了解医学生营养知识-态度-行为情况及营养状况,为开展营养教育,科学地指导医学生合理营养行为、提高其营养水平和健康体质制定相应的干预措施提供参考依据。方法:选取南京市某高校医学生为研究对象,以分层整群抽样的方法抽取研究对象(1010名)进行问卷调查,并从中招募83名研究对象进行体格检查及血液检查。用Logistic回归分析,探讨影响医学生营养状况的主要因素。结果:1.医学生营养知识平均得分9.77±2.59分,总答对率65.11%。网络是医学生获取营养知识最多的途径,而营养课堂或讲座是医学生认为获取营养知识效果最佳的途径。营养态度平均得分为14.29±2.51分,营养态度得分与营养知识得分等级正相关。营养行为人均得分为59.57±5.16分,营养行为得分与营养知识得分等级正相关。2.营养知识、营养态度与营养行为得分之间存在相关性,相关系数为0.242、0.152、0.254(p0.05),具有统计学意义。3.营养状况情况:营养不良161人(15.94%),体重正常773人(76.53%),超重或肥胖76人(7.52%)。月饮食消费500元、早餐习惯差、挑食、饥饿频率高、运动频率低是营养不良的危险因素;性别(男)是超重或肥胖的危险因素,其余单因素对超重或肥胖的作用均不明显。4.本次医学生体格及血液指标检查:腰臀比偏高的学生13名(15.66%);血压偏高的学生4名(4.82%);心率增快的学生6名(7.22%);血液指标中Lp(a)升高比例较大,达到27.7%。以上指标与营养KAP不存在相关性。结论:1.医学生营养知识水平有待进一步提高;大多数医学生具有积极的营养态度;医学生营养行为总体情况不容乐观,存在诸多不合理的营养行为。2.营养课程的学习和家人对营养的关注对营养知识、态度、行为得分的提高具有积极的作用。3.本次调查的医学生总体营养状况有待进一步改善,血液指标中Lp(a)升高比例较大,有待进一步改善。且与营养KAP不存在相关性。4.本次调查的营养知识影响营养态度和营养行为,而营养行为又影响营养状况,营养知识、态度、行为之间存在相关性(P0.05)。提示本次调查结果符合营养KAP的理论模式。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the nutritional knowledge, attitude and behavior of medical students and their nutritional status, so as to scientifically guide the rational nutritional behavior of medical students in order to carry out nutrition education. To improve their nutritional level and health constitution to formulate the corresponding intervention measures to provide reference. Methods: 1010 medical students (1010 subjects) were selected by stratified cluster sampling and 83 of them were recruited for physical examination and blood examination. The main factors influencing the nutritional status of medical students were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results: 1. The average score of nutritional knowledge of medical students was 9.77 卤2.59, and the total correct rate was 65.11. Network is the most effective way for medical students to acquire nutrition knowledge, and nutrition class or lecture is the best way for medical students to acquire nutrition knowledge. The average score of nutritional attitude was 14.29 卤2.51, and the score of nutritional attitude was positively correlated with the score of nutritional knowledge. The average score of nutritional behavior was 59.57 卤5.16, and the score of nutritional behavior was positively correlated with the score of nutritional knowledge. There was correlation among nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitude and nutritional behavior score, the correlation coefficient was 0.242 ~ 0.152 ~ 0.254 (p0.05), which was statistically significant. Nutritional status: 161 (15.94%) undernourished, 773 (76.53%) normal weight, 76 (7.52%) overweight or obese. Monthly dietary consumption 500 yuan, bad breakfast habit, picky food, high frequency of hunger, low frequency of exercise are risk factors of malnutrition, sex (male) is the risk factor of overweight or obesity, and the effect of other single factors on overweight or obesity is not obvious. 4. The physical and blood indexes of the medical students were as follows: 13 (15.66%) students with high waist-to-hip ratio, 4 (4.82%) students with high blood pressure, 6 (7.22%) students with faster heart rate, 4 (4.82%) students with high blood pressure and 6 (7.22%) with higher heart rate. The proportion of Lp (a) in blood was increased to 27. 7%. There was no correlation between the above indexes and nutritional KAP. Conclusion: 1. The level of nutritional knowledge of medical students needs to be further improved; most medical students have positive nutritional attitude; the overall situation of nutritional behavior of medical students is not optimistic, there are many unreasonable nutritional behaviors. 2. Nutrition course learning and family attention to nutrition have a positive effect on nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior scores. 3. The overall nutritional status of medical students in this survey needs to be further improved, and the proportion of Lp (a) in blood is higher, which needs to be further improved. And there was no correlation with nutritional KAP. 4. The nutritional knowledge in this survey affected nutrition attitude and behavior, and nutritional behavior affected nutritional status, nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior (P0.05). It suggested that the results of this investigation were in accordance with the theoretical model of nutritional KAP.
【学位授予单位】：东南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G647.8

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