在华留学生主流群体态度知觉和跨文化适应结果：跨文化适应方向的中介作用
发布时间：2018-12-12 17:52
【摘要】：留学生是国与国之间文化交流的重要途径,研究在华外国留学生的跨文化适应具有十分重要的意义。跨文化是一个留学生与当地社会主流群体交往的过程,因此留学生群体必然会受到主流群体的影响。在主流群体对留学生的影响因素中,主流群体的态度是一个重要的方面,留学生对主流群体态度的知觉能够影响他们的跨文化适应结果。跨文化适应方向是跨文化适应研究中另一个比较重要的因素,它是指留学生对东道国主流群体及其民族的文化行为的倾向性,这种倾向性也会影响跨文化适应结果。本研究从在华留学生的角度,选取主流群体态度知觉和跨文化适应方向这两个重要的影响因素,以跨文化适应结果作为跨文化适应的指标,探讨在华留学生主流群体态度知觉和跨文化适应方向对跨文化适应结果的影响,并在此基础上探讨三者之间的关系。本研究主要针对在中国大陆的外国留学生,采用方便取样法对山东省、广东省、北京市等地838名被试进行问卷调查,结果显示:1、在华留学生在消极态度知觉、采纳中国文化方向和社会文化适应上具有显著的性别差异,具体表现为女性在消极态度知觉上的得分比男性低,女性比男性更少的采纳中国文化,女性在社会文化适应上比男性差;消极态度知觉在年龄上存在显著差异,主要表现为24~28岁留学生的消极态度知觉显著高于19~23岁、41~49岁和50岁以上的留学生;采纳中国文化方向在HSK(汉语水平考试,分为1-6级,级别越高代表汉语能力越好)水平上具有显著差异,等级为6的被试得分高于等级为3、4和无等级的被试。2、在华留学生主流群体积极态度知觉对保持原有文化方向、采纳中国文化方向、生活满意度和社会文化适应均有显著的正向预测作用;而消极态度知觉对保持原有文化方向、社会文化适应和生活满意度具有显著的负向预测作用;保持原有文化方向和采纳中国文化方向都对生活满意度和社会文化适应有显著的正向预测作用。3、跨文化适应方向为主流群体态度知觉与跨文化适应结果之间的中介变量。具体表现为,积极态度知觉既可以直接影响在华留学生的生活满意度和社会文化适应,也可以通过保持原有文化和采纳中国文化的多重中介作用来影响生活满意度和社会文化适应;消极态度知觉既可以直接影响在华留学生的社会文化适应,也可以通过保持原有文化的中介作用来影响社会文化适应;保持原有文化方向在消极态度知觉与生活满意度中起完全中介作用。
[Abstract]:International students are an important way of cultural exchange between countries. It is of great significance to study the cross-cultural adaptation of foreign students in China. Cross-culture is a process of communication between foreign students and local mainstream groups, so international students are bound to be influenced by mainstream groups. The attitude of the mainstream group is an important aspect in the influence of the mainstream group on the foreign students. The perception of the attitude of the mainstream group can affect their cross-cultural adaptation results. The orientation of cross-cultural adaptation is another important factor in cross-cultural adaptation research. It refers to the tendency of foreign students to the cultural behavior of the host country's mainstream groups and their peoples, and this tendency will also affect the results of cross-cultural adaptation. From the point of view of overseas students in China, this study selects two important influencing factors, which are the attitude perception of mainstream groups and the orientation of cross-cultural adaptation, and takes the result of cross-cultural adaptation as the index of cross-cultural adaptation. This paper probes into the influence of attitude perception and orientation of cross-cultural adaptation on the results of cross-cultural adaptation of foreign students in China, and on the basis of this, discusses the relationship among them. In this study, 838 foreign students in Shandong, Guangdong and Beijing were investigated by the convenient sampling method. The results showed that: 1. There are significant gender differences in the adoption of Chinese cultural orientation and sociocultural adaptation, which shows that women have lower scores in negative attitude perception than men, and women adopt Chinese culture less than men. The social and cultural adaptation of women is worse than that of men; There were significant differences in the age of negative attitude perception, which mainly showed that the negative attitude perception of the students aged 24 to 28 was significantly higher than that of the students aged 1923, 49 and 50 years old; There was significant difference in the level of HSK (Chinese proficiency Test) by adopting Chinese cultural orientation. The subjects with grade 6 scored higher than those with grade 3 or 4 and those with no grade. 2. The positive attitude perception of the mainstream group of foreign students in China has a significant positive predictive effect on maintaining the original cultural direction, adopting the Chinese cultural direction, life satisfaction and sociocultural adaptation. Negative attitude perception has a significant negative predictive effect on the maintenance of the original cultural orientation, social and cultural adaptation and life satisfaction. Maintaining the original cultural orientation and adopting the Chinese cultural orientation are significant positive predictors of life satisfaction and sociocultural adaptation. 3. Cross-cultural orientation is the intermediate variable between the attitude perception of mainstream groups and the result of cross-cultural adaptation. Specifically, positive attitude perception can directly affect the life satisfaction and social and cultural adaptation of foreign students in China. It can also influence life satisfaction and social and cultural adaptation by maintaining the original culture and adopting the multi-mediating role of Chinese culture. The perception of negative attitude can not only directly affect the social and cultural adaptation of foreign students in China, but also influence the social and cultural adaptation by maintaining the intermediary role of the original culture. Maintaining the original cultural orientation plays a full intermediary role in negative attitude perception and life satisfaction.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G648.9
[Abstract]:International students are an important way of cultural exchange between countries. It is of great significance to study the cross-cultural adaptation of foreign students in China. Cross-culture is a process of communication between foreign students and local mainstream groups, so international students are bound to be influenced by mainstream groups. The attitude of the mainstream group is an important aspect in the influence of the mainstream group on the foreign students. The perception of the attitude of the mainstream group can affect their cross-cultural adaptation results. The orientation of cross-cultural adaptation is another important factor in cross-cultural adaptation research. It refers to the tendency of foreign students to the cultural behavior of the host country's mainstream groups and their peoples, and this tendency will also affect the results of cross-cultural adaptation. From the point of view of overseas students in China, this study selects two important influencing factors, which are the attitude perception of mainstream groups and the orientation of cross-cultural adaptation, and takes the result of cross-cultural adaptation as the index of cross-cultural adaptation. This paper probes into the influence of attitude perception and orientation of cross-cultural adaptation on the results of cross-cultural adaptation of foreign students in China, and on the basis of this, discusses the relationship among them. In this study, 838 foreign students in Shandong, Guangdong and Beijing were investigated by the convenient sampling method. The results showed that: 1. There are significant gender differences in the adoption of Chinese cultural orientation and sociocultural adaptation, which shows that women have lower scores in negative attitude perception than men, and women adopt Chinese culture less than men. The social and cultural adaptation of women is worse than that of men; There were significant differences in the age of negative attitude perception, which mainly showed that the negative attitude perception of the students aged 24 to 28 was significantly higher than that of the students aged 1923, 49 and 50 years old; There was significant difference in the level of HSK (Chinese proficiency Test) by adopting Chinese cultural orientation. The subjects with grade 6 scored higher than those with grade 3 or 4 and those with no grade. 2. The positive attitude perception of the mainstream group of foreign students in China has a significant positive predictive effect on maintaining the original cultural direction, adopting the Chinese cultural direction, life satisfaction and sociocultural adaptation. Negative attitude perception has a significant negative predictive effect on the maintenance of the original cultural orientation, social and cultural adaptation and life satisfaction. Maintaining the original cultural orientation and adopting the Chinese cultural orientation are significant positive predictors of life satisfaction and sociocultural adaptation. 3. Cross-cultural orientation is the intermediate variable between the attitude perception of mainstream groups and the result of cross-cultural adaptation. Specifically, positive attitude perception can directly affect the life satisfaction and social and cultural adaptation of foreign students in China. It can also influence life satisfaction and social and cultural adaptation by maintaining the original culture and adopting the multi-mediating role of Chinese culture. The perception of negative attitude can not only directly affect the social and cultural adaptation of foreign students in China, but also influence the social and cultural adaptation by maintaining the intermediary role of the original culture. Maintaining the original cultural orientation plays a full intermediary role in negative attitude perception and life satisfaction.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G648.9
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