我国高等教育的技术异化问题研究
发布时间：2019-06-04 19:32
【摘要】：随着社会的发展,技术的进步,越来越多的技术融入到了人们的生活中,使得人类的生存与发展已与技术不可分割。随着技术应用范围的扩大,在高等教育(特指:全日制大学教育)中也采用了大量的现代教育技术手段。高等教育中技术的使用促进教育现代化的发展,改变了传统的教学方式,推动了教学方法的多样化,方便了师生之间的相互交流与沟通,同时也带来了技术异化现象。19世纪中期,马克思提出了劳动异化理论和金钱拜物教,认为私有制是造成异化的根本原因。20世纪中期,马尔库塞在马克思异化理论的基础上,提出了科技异化。马尔库塞认为科技的发展导致极权主义社会,马尔库塞认为科学技术的发展支配了人的意识,对科学技术持一种否定的态度。芬伯格对马尔库塞的理论进行了批判扬弃,认为技术在社会中的发展具有积极因素,对技术进行了选择性的批判,提出了技术批判理论。本文以马克思的异化理论、马尔库塞的技术异化理论,以及芬伯格的技术批判理论为基础,结合我国高等教育的技术使用现状,通过文献研究法和归纳法提出我国高等教育中的技术异化现象主要包括以下几方面:教师对多媒体技术的依赖、网络教学对教师的替代、电子监控设备对人的过度监督、学生对手机的过度依赖、电脑的使用导致一种懒惰式的学习模式。并从人的角度,教育的角度和技术的角度分析了技术异化现象产生的原因。提出了解决技术异化现象的具体对策:注重人的主体性,合理使用技术;运用次级工具化理论解决高等教育中的技术异化现象;注重技术本质观的体现;用扬弃的态度对待高等教育中的技术使用;倡导技术民主化思想;重塑高等教育中的价值理性。本文通过对高等教育技术异化问题的研究,希望人们能够在使用技术带来方便的同时,结合高等教育的本来目的,使技术的应用符合高等教育的目的,同时促进技术的合理利用、教育现代化的发展以及人的全面发展。
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the progress of technology, more and more technologies have been integrated into people's lives, which makes the survival and development of human beings inseparable from technology. With the expansion of the scope of technology application, a large number of modern educational technology means have been used in higher education (especially full-time university education). The use of technology in higher education promotes the development of educational modernization, changes the traditional teaching methods, promotes the diversification of teaching methods, and facilitates the exchange and communication between teachers and students. At the same time, it also brought about the phenomenon of technological alienation. In the mid-19th century, Marx put forward the theory of labor alienation and money fetishism, believing that private ownership is the root cause of alienation. In the middle of the 20th century, Marcuse was on the basis of Marx's alienation theory. The alienation of science and technology is put forward. Marcuse believes that the development of science and technology leads to totalitarian society. Marcuse believes that the development of science and technology dominates human consciousness and holds a negative attitude towards science and technology. Finberg criticizes Marcuse's theory, holds that the development of technology in society has positive factors, criticizes technology selectively, and puts forward the theory of technology criticism. This paper is based on Marx's alienation theory, Marcuse's technology alienation theory and Feinberg's technology criticism theory, combined with the present situation of technology use in higher education in our country. Through the method of literature research and induction, this paper puts forward that the phenomenon of technological alienation in higher education in our country mainly includes the following aspects: teachers' dependence on multimedia technology, the substitution of network teaching to teachers, and the excessive supervision of electronic monitoring equipment to people. Students' excessive dependence on mobile phones and the use of computers lead to a lazy learning model. From the point of view of human beings, education and technology, this paper analyzes the causes of technological alienation. This paper puts forward some concrete countermeasures to solve the phenomenon of technological alienation: paying attention to the subjectivity of human beings and the rational use of technology; using the theory of secondary instrumentalization to solve the phenomenon of technological alienation in higher education; paying attention to the embodiment of the view of technological essence; To treat the use of technology in higher education with the attitude of sublation; to advocate the thought of democratization of technology; and to reshape the rationality of value in higher education. Through the study of the alienation of higher education technology, this paper hopes that people can combine the original purpose of higher education with the convenience of using technology, so that the application of technology can be in line with the purpose of higher education. At the same time, promote the rational use of technology, the development of educational modernization and the all-round development of human beings.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G649.2;B089.1
本文编号：2492952
[Abstract]:With the development of society and the progress of technology, more and more technologies have been integrated into people's lives, which makes the survival and development of human beings inseparable from technology. With the expansion of the scope of technology application, a large number of modern educational technology means have been used in higher education (especially full-time university education). The use of technology in higher education promotes the development of educational modernization, changes the traditional teaching methods, promotes the diversification of teaching methods, and facilitates the exchange and communication between teachers and students. At the same time, it also brought about the phenomenon of technological alienation. In the mid-19th century, Marx put forward the theory of labor alienation and money fetishism, believing that private ownership is the root cause of alienation. In the middle of the 20th century, Marcuse was on the basis of Marx's alienation theory. The alienation of science and technology is put forward. Marcuse believes that the development of science and technology leads to totalitarian society. Marcuse believes that the development of science and technology dominates human consciousness and holds a negative attitude towards science and technology. Finberg criticizes Marcuse's theory, holds that the development of technology in society has positive factors, criticizes technology selectively, and puts forward the theory of technology criticism. This paper is based on Marx's alienation theory, Marcuse's technology alienation theory and Feinberg's technology criticism theory, combined with the present situation of technology use in higher education in our country. Through the method of literature research and induction, this paper puts forward that the phenomenon of technological alienation in higher education in our country mainly includes the following aspects: teachers' dependence on multimedia technology, the substitution of network teaching to teachers, and the excessive supervision of electronic monitoring equipment to people. Students' excessive dependence on mobile phones and the use of computers lead to a lazy learning model. From the point of view of human beings, education and technology, this paper analyzes the causes of technological alienation. This paper puts forward some concrete countermeasures to solve the phenomenon of technological alienation: paying attention to the subjectivity of human beings and the rational use of technology; using the theory of secondary instrumentalization to solve the phenomenon of technological alienation in higher education; paying attention to the embodiment of the view of technological essence; To treat the use of technology in higher education with the attitude of sublation; to advocate the thought of democratization of technology; and to reshape the rationality of value in higher education. Through the study of the alienation of higher education technology, this paper hopes that people can combine the original purpose of higher education with the convenience of using technology, so that the application of technology can be in line with the purpose of higher education. At the same time, promote the rational use of technology, the development of educational modernization and the all-round development of human beings.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G649.2;B089.1
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