高师院校大学生创新创业激励机制研究

发布时间：2019-06-09 16:35

【摘要】：党的十八大提出要将创业作为我国发展的战略之一,建设创新型国家更是我国重大战略部署,创新创业人才的培养是国家的现实需要。李克强总理也重点部署新一轮“大学生创业引领计划”的工作任务,要进一步把“大众创业、万众创新”落到实处。在当前我国国情下,创新创业的呼吁越来越强,大学生毕业后创业率稳中有升,但创业率仍然相对较低。对于高师院校来说,一方面,高师院校是我国教育师资培育的摇篮,是输送高素质教师的主要基地。通过提升高师院校学生的创业意识,帮助学生掌握基本的创业技能,增强学生的创业精神,在学生未来走上教师工作岗位后,将创业教育融入知识的传承以及培养人才的过程,进而在国民教育的各个阶段对创业思想进行传播,使得创业知识和技能得到有效传递,创业文化也得到普遍传承,最终国民的创新创业能力获得提升。另一方面,传统的教育模式已经不能适应经济社会发展对人才的需求,在严峻的就业市场竞争中,高师院校需要在学生的培养中重视创业教育,除了教给学生师范教育的技能外,更要具备从事其他行业的能力,能成功地驾驭新岗位或者开拓新的事业。本文认为创新创业激励活动需要在一定的理论基础上,研究并建立科学化、专业化、系统化的机制,能扩大教师教育的影响力,同时提高学生的创造力,能让参与者体验和享受整个过程的乐趣。创新创业激励机制的建立是培养创新创业人才的重要手段,是发展社会主义市场经济的有效途径,是提升我国高等教育质量的关键环节。本文通过对已有文献进行研究,对相关信息进行筛选和梳理,运用问卷调查法和多学科研究等方法,坚持马克思主义的辩证思维方法、坚持宏观透视与微观剖析相结合,坚持目的与手段,对高师院校大学生创新创业激励机制进行思考和尝试性探索。本论文除引言外,由四章节构成,第一章是对高师院校大学生创新创业激励机制的内涵及特征进行阐释。第二章是整理高师院校大学生创新创业激励理论基础,通过梳理西方和我国激励理论等相关研究现状,总结与归纳激励理论对当前高师院校大学生教育的借鉴意义。第三章是通过对除特别行政区外的32个省级行政区域的高师院校的问卷调查,把握高师院校大学生创新创业激励机制的实施现状,并分析目前存在的问题及问题根源。第四章主要从原则、目标、内容、保障等方面探讨激励机制的构建思路,并以平台、载体、方式三个角度为落脚点,尝试构建高师院校大学生创新创业激励机制。
[Abstract]:As one of the strategies of our country's development, the 18th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China is to build an innovative country, and it is a great strategic deployment of our country, and the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial talents is the reality of the country. Premier Li Keqiang also focuses on the new round of "college students' start-up plan" 's work tasks, and will further drop the "Mass entrepreneurship and the innovation of the masses" to the real place. Under the current situation of our country, the appeal of innovation and start-up has become more and more strong, and the start-up rate of college students is steady, but the start-up rate is still relatively low. For normal colleges and universities, on the one hand, colleges and universities are the cradle of our country's education teachers, and are the main bases for delivering high-quality teachers. In order to help the students to master the basic entrepreneurial skills, to enhance the students' entrepreneurship, to integrate the entrepreneurial education into the inheritance of knowledge and to train the talents after the students take the post of the teacher in the future, Furthermore, in the various stages of the national education, the business idea is spread, so that the entrepreneurial knowledge and the skills are effectively transferred, and the entrepreneurial culture is also generally inherited, and the innovation and entrepreneurship ability of the final national is promoted. On the other hand, the traditional education model has been unable to adapt to the demand of the economic and social development to the talented person, in the severe employment market competition, the higher normal colleges and universities need to attach importance to the start-up education in the cultivation of the students, in addition to the skill to teach the students normal education, It is also necessary to have the ability to engage in other industries, to successfully harness new posts or to develop new ones. In this paper, it is necessary to study and establish a scientific, professional and systematic mechanism on the basis of a certain theory, to expand the influence of the teacher education, and to improve the creativity of the students, and to enable the participants to experience and enjoy the whole process. The establishment of the innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism is an important means to train the innovative and entrepreneurial talents. It is an effective way to develop the socialist market economy. It is the key link to improve the quality of higher education in our country. In this paper, through the research of the existing literature, the relevant information is screened and sorted, the method of the dialectical thinking of Marxism is adhered to by using the method of questionnaire and multi-disciplinary research, and the aim and means are adhered to by the combination of the macro-perspective and the micro-analysis, In this paper, the mechanism of innovation and entrepreneurship of college students in normal colleges and universities should be thought and tried. This paper, in addition to the introduction, is composed of four chapters, and the first chapter is to explain the connotation and characteristics of the innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism of the college students in normal colleges and universities. The second chapter is to sort out the theoretical foundation of the innovation and start-up of the college students in normal colleges and universities, and by combing the relevant research status of the western and our country's incentive theory, the paper sums up the reference significance of the inductive theory to the current education of the college students in normal colleges and universities. The third chapter is to grasp the current situation of the innovation and start-up incentive mechanism of the college students in normal colleges and universities, and to analyze the existing problems and the root causes of the problems through the questionnaire survey of the 32 provincial administrative regions outside the special administrative region. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the construction of the incentive mechanism from the aspects of the principle, the goal, the content, the guarantee and so on, and takes the platform, the carrier and the method as the foothold, and tries to construct the innovation and entrepreneurship incentive mechanism of the college students in the normal colleges and universities.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G657.38

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