某医学院校贫困生心理现况及干预研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 10:09

本文选题：医学贫困生　切入点：心理健康　出处：《湖南师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目的：(1)了解某医学院校贫困生的心理现况,作出统计描述和分析。(2)探讨某医学院校贫困生心理健康的主要危险因素与保护因素。(3)评价对贫困生心理干预的效果。方法：以湖南省某医学院校一本和三本的全体学生为研究对象,应用个人基本情况问卷、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版、社会支持量表和90项症状清单进行整群抽样横断面调查研究,对其中的贫困生进行心理干预后复调查,对数据数据进行统计描述、t检验、方差分析、S-N-K法方差分析、Welch检验、Logistic回归分析和Pearson相关分析。结果：(1)精神质量、外向、神经质与掩饰的得分均小于常模,N神经质与全国常模比较差异有统计学意义(p=0.004)；客观支持得分低于非贫困生,主观支持、支持利用度和社会支持总分高于非贫困生,主观支持和社会支持总分与非贫困生比较差异具有统计学意义(主观支持p=0.045,社会支持总分p=0.000); SCL-90所有项目的得分除了SCL-90阴性项目数外均高于或等于全国常模,强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖和精神病性与全国常模比较有统计学意义.(2)影响因素研究发现SCL-90得分总分女生比男生高,一本学生比三本学生高,大二年级比其他年级高,医学检验比其他专业高,非独生子女比独生子女高,来自农村的学生比来自乡镇和城市的高,学医意愿是由“朋友劝说”的学生比其他来源高(得分高达199.2±90.37),其中年级、专业和专业满意度对SCL-90量表总分得分的差异有统计学意义(p0.05)；年级、专业和家庭所在地是SCL-90总分得分的影响因素。(3)神经质和精神质量与社会支持负相关,外向与掩饰与社会支持正相关；神经质和精神质量与SCL-90各因子得分正相关,外向、掩饰和社会支持与SCL-90各因子为负相关。(4)干预后精神质量、外向、神经质和掩饰心理干预后的得分均低于干预前的得分,其中外向、神经质差异具有统计学意义。SCL-90除了阴性项目数升高外,其他所有项目得分均降低,且除了SCL-90阳性症状均分干预前后比较差异没有统计学意义外,其他的前后比较都有统计学意义。结论：(1)该医学院校贫困生的心理健康状况呈中等水平,艾森克人格神经质得分低于常模,社会支持主观支持和社会支持总分高于非贫困生,SCL-90强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性得分高于常模,其差异具有统计学意义。(2)该医学院校贫困生心理健康影响因素有年级、专业和家庭所在地；神经质和精神质量与社会支持负相关,外向与掩饰与社会支持正相关；神经质和精神质量与SCL-90各因子正相关,外向、掩饰和社会支持与SCL-90各因子为负相关。(3)贫困生心理干预能改进贫困生人格构建,改善贫困生心理健康状况。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the psychological status of poor students in a medical college, and to make statistical description and analysis. 2) to explore the main risk factors and protective factors of mental health of poor students in a certain medical college) to evaluate the effect of psychological intervention on poor students. Methods: one and three students from a medical college in Hunan Province were studied. The Chinese version of the Eysenck Personality questionnaire was used to investigate the basic situation of the students and the Chinese version of Eysenck Personality questionnaire (Eysenck Personality questionnaire). The social support scale and 90 symptom lists were investigated by cluster sampling cross-sectional survey. The poor students were investigated after psychological intervention, and the data were analyzed by statistical description test. ANOVA S-N-K ANOVA Welch test Logistic regression analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. Results the scores of mental quality, extroversion, neuroticism and concealment were lower than those of norm N neuroticism and national norm, the scores of objective support were lower than those of non-poor students, and the scores of subjective support were lower than those of non-poor students. The utilization of support and the total score of social support were higher than those of non-poor students. The total scores of subjective support and social support were significantly different from those of non-poor students (subjective support p0.045, social support total score p0.0000.The scores of all SCL-90 items except the number of SCL-90 negative items were higher than or equal to the national norm, obsessive symptoms, anxiety, etc. The study on the influencing factors of phobia and psychosis compared with the national norm showed that the total score of SCL-90 in female students was higher than that of boys, that of one student was higher than that of three students, that of sophomore grade was higher than that of other grades, and that of medical examination was higher than that of other majors. The non-only child is higher than the only child, the students from the countryside are higher than those from the towns and cities, and the students who are "persuaded by friends" are higher than those from other sources (the score is as high as 199.2 卤90.37). The difference between major satisfaction and professional satisfaction on the total score of SCL-90 scale was significant (p 0.05), grade, major and family location was the influencing factor of SCL-90 total score, and neuroticism and mental quality were negatively correlated with social support. Extroversion and concealment were positively correlated with social support, neuroticism and mental quality were positively correlated with each factor score of SCL-90, extroversion, cover-up and social support were negatively correlated with SCL-90 factors. The scores of neuroticism and concealment psychological intervention were lower than those before intervention. The scores of extroversion and neuroticism were significantly lower than those before intervention. Except for the increase of negative items, the scores of all other items were decreased. In addition to the SCL-90 positive symptoms before and after intervention there was no statistical difference, the other before and after the comparison were statistically significant. Conclusion (1) the mental health status of the poor students in the medical college was moderate, the score of Eysenck personality neuroticism was lower than the norm, and the total scores of social support subjective support and social support were higher than those of non-poor students with SCL-90 obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anxiety and terror. The scores of psychosis were higher than norm, and the difference was statistically significant. 2) the influencing factors of mental health of poor students in this medical college were grade, specialty and family location, neuroticism and mental quality were negatively correlated with social support. Extroversion and concealment were positively correlated with social support, neuroticism and mental quality were positively correlated with SCL-90 factors, extroversion, concealment and social support were negatively correlated with SCL-90 factors. Improve the mental health of poor students.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B844.2

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