京师大学堂总监督关防溯源

发布时间：2018-01-07 17:26

本文关键词：京师大学堂总监督关防溯源　出处：《中国国家博物馆馆刊》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：关防作为印信的一种,最早出现于明代,清代主要颁给临时设置的官员作临时性官印。中国国家博物馆藏有一枚"京师大学堂总监督关防",为1907年上任的京师大学堂总监督刘廷琛所使用。本文以这枚藏印为线索,梳理了京师大学堂在1898年至1912经办的14年中,四次请领大学堂"关防"的过程,还原了京师大学堂从草创阶段具有浓厚封建特色的旧式书院,经过几任大学堂负责人的苦心经营,逐步发展成为一所初具规模并具有近代意义的综合性大学的历史。同时指出,"京师大学堂总监督关防"从木质改为铜质,这一变化反映了清政府在最后十几年社会全面危机的时刻,对新式学堂应势而变的态度和逐渐重视的过程。
[Abstract]:Guan Pao, as a kind of printing letter, first appeared in the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, it was awarded to the temporary officials for temporary official seal. The National Museum of China has a piece of "the chief supervisor of the Peking University School". It is used by Liu Ting-chen, the chief supervisor of Beijing Shi University College, who took office in 1907. This paper, based on this Tibetan seal, combs the 14 years that the Beijing Shi University College handled from 1898 to 1912. Four times please lead the university school "close guard" the process, has restored the capital division university school from the grass stage to have the strong feudal characteristic old style college, through several university hall responsible person's painstaking management. Gradually developed into a comprehensive university of initial scale and modern significance. At the same time, it was pointed out that "the general supervision of the Peking University" changed from wood to copper. This change reflects the Qing government's attitude to the new schools and the process of gradually attaching importance to the new schools in the last ten years of the overall social crisis.
【作者单位】：中国国家博物馆;
【分类号】：G529;K252
【正文快照】： 京师大学堂即今北京大学的前身。1898年6月,作为百日维新的第一项改革措施,由清朝光绪帝在《明定国是诏》中下令创办京师大学堂。京师大学堂是戊戌运动中诞生的中国近代第一所国立综合性大学,其不仅是当时中央官办的最高学府,也是全国最高教育、行政管理机关。中国国家博物馆

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