轻中度智障者异性交往团体辅导的行动研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 20:19

本文关键词：轻中度智障者异性交往团体辅导的行动研究　出处：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：处于16—25周岁年龄段的轻中度智障者有强烈的与异性交往的需要,但是由于缺乏正确的教育和引导,他们往往会在异性交往过程中表现出行为偏差。本研究以质化研究为主要研究方式,通过观察法、访谈法分析轻中度智障者异性交往行为偏差产生的原因,并在此基础上形成一套适宜的团体辅导方案,对智障者的不良异性交往进行干预,帮助轻中度智障者掌握良好的异性交往技巧,促使他们更好地融入社会。通过对智障者的观察和对家长、残疾人士托管机构工作人员的采访资料的分析,轻中度智障者异性交往行为偏差产生的主要原因有：(1)轻中度智障者自身生理发育与心理发展存在严重的不协调性；(2)家长不能正确认识智障者的异性交往需要；(3)残疾人士托管机构中工作人员的专业素质不达标；(4)社会尤其是网络中刺激性信息的泛滥。基于上述影响因素设计的团体辅导方案能够有效地干预和调整轻中度智障者的异性交往行为偏差,达到了预期目标。为了有效地改善智障者的异性交往行为偏差,在实施团体辅导方案时要注意以下几点：(1)团体辅导中的指导语要符合智障者的发展水平；(2)团体辅导要与其他教学内容、家庭教育紧密配合；(3)团体辅导中使用强化手段应以精神抚慰为主,物质奖励为辅。为了更好地改善轻中度智障者的异性交往水平,可以从以下五个方面着手：(1)家长正确认识智障者合理的异性交往需要,并配合专业机构的工作,进行引导教育；(2)残疾人托管机构要开设与异性交往相关的教学内容和心理健康活动；(3)引导智障者合理使用新型的通信手段与异性进行健康的交往；(4)吸引志愿者参与到智障者的人际交往训练中；(5)积极发挥良好的社区环境在提高智障者交往能力中的重要作用。
[Abstract]:People with mild and moderate mental disabilities in the 16-25 age group have a strong need to interact with the opposite sex, but due to lack of correct education and guidance. They tend to behave as deviations in the process of heterosexual communication. This study takes qualitative research as the main research method, through observation method, interview method to analyze the reasons for the deviation of behavior of heterosexual communication of mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. On this basis, a suitable group counseling program was formed to interfere with the bad heterosexual communication of the mentally handicapped, to help the mild to moderate mental retardation master good heterosexual communication skills and to promote their better integration into the society. Through the observation of the mentally disabled and the analysis of the interview data of the parents and the staff of the care institutions for the disabled. The main reasons for the deviation of communication behavior of the mild to moderate mental retardation are: (1) there is serious disharmony between the physiological development and the psychological development of the mild to moderate mental retardation; 2) parents can not correctly understand the needs of heterosexual communication of people with intellectual disabilities; (3) the professional quality of the staff in the institutions for the disabled is not up to standard; 4) the flood of stimulating information in society, especially in the network. The group counseling program designed based on the above factors can effectively interfere with and adjust the heterosexual behavior bias of the mild to moderate mentally handicapped persons. In order to effectively improve the heterosexual communication behavior deviation of the mentally handicapped, we should pay attention to the following points: 1) the guidance language in the group counseling should accord with the development level of the mentally handicapped; (2) Group counselling should be closely co-ordinated with other teaching contents and family education; 3) in group counseling, spiritual comfort should be given priority to, and material rewards should be supplemented. In order to better improve the level of heterosexual communication of persons with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities, we can start from the following five aspects: 1) parents should correctly understand the rational needs of heterosexual communication of the mentally handicapped and cooperate with the work of professional institutions. Conducting guiding education; (2) the institutions for the care of persons with disabilities should set up teaching contents and mental health activities related to the interaction of the opposite sex; (3) to guide the mentally handicapped to use the new means of communication to communicate with the opposite sex in a healthy way; (4) attracting volunteers to participate in the interpersonal communication training of the mentally handicapped; 5) play an important role in improving the communication ability of the mentally handicapped.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.2

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