先秦儒家人格教育思想及现代价值

发布时间：2018-03-26 05:04

本文选题：先秦儒家　切入点：人格教育　出处：《东北师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：先秦时期是中国历史上的“轴心时代”，“轴心时代”创生了极为丰富的原创性教育思想，儒家人格教育思想就是先秦原创性教育思想之一，它对我国民族精神形成及文化传承做出了巨大的贡献。中国自古就有重视人格教育的传统，特别是先秦儒家提出了内容丰富的人格教育思想。传统是现代的渊源，现代是传统的延伸和发展。我们高度重视现代人格教育，就要从传统的先秦儒家人格教育思想中去吸取有益的养料。毛泽东曾说：“从孔夫子到孙中山，我们应当给以总结，继承这份珍贵的遗产。”所以，我们今天要建构一种适应社会主义市场经济新型的人格模式，就要吸收和转换传统人格观念，使先秦儒家人格教育思想的精华得到继承和发扬。本文试图全面地挖掘和论述先秦儒家人格教育思想的历史背景、理论基础、目标、内容、原则方法及现代价值等诸多内容，这样可以丰富和发展先秦儒家人格教育思想理论研究。全文共分六部分。第一部分为引言，界定本论文所涉及的基本概念，简要阐明本论文的研究背景、研究方法、理论意义和应用价值。第二部分从经济发展、政治变革、科技初兴、文化激荡四个方面分析了先秦儒家人格教育思想产生的历史背景；从“天人合一”观和人性论两方面探讨了先秦儒家人格教育思想的理论基础。第三部分从“士”之人格、“君子”人格和“圣人”人格三个方面对先秦儒家理想人格的教育目标进行了解读。先秦儒家的理想人格是一种道德化的人格，主要是通过“士、“君子”、“圣人”这三种典型的理想人格来体现的。第四部分全面地对先秦儒家人格教育的主要内容进行了诠释：仁爱孝悌，忠恕之道；以义制利，以义为先；诚实守信，谦逊好礼；自强不息，尊道忘势；尚群为公，勤政廉政；中庸之道，和谐之美。先秦儒家推崇的理想人格表现为真、善、美的统一，它不仅蕴含为内在的德性，而且展现于外在的德行，从而又表现为德性与德行的统一。由内而外，内外兼修是先秦儒家选择和安排人格教育内容的基本准则。第五部分析了先秦儒家人格教育的原则与方法：学思结合、克己内省、改过迁善、慎独慎染、知行统一。先秦儒家在长期的教育实践中，摸索出不少教育规律，积累了很多有价值的人格教育经验并总结出许多行之有效的人格教育的原则方法理论，，内容丰富，认识深刻。第六部分论述了先秦儒家人格教育思想的现代价值，指出先秦儒家人格教育思想对于我们今天完善我国的人格教育理论、指导人格教育实践以及建设社会主义和谐社会有着十分重要的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:The pre-Qin period was the "axis age" in Chinese history, and the "axis age" created a very rich original educational thought. The Confucian personality education thought is one of the pre-Qin original educational thoughts. It has made a great contribution to the formation of national spirit and cultural heritage of our country. China has a tradition of attaching importance to personality education since ancient times, especially the Confucian thought of personality education, which is the origin of modern times. Modernity is the extension and development of tradition. If we attach great importance to modern personality education, we must draw useful nourishment from the traditional Confucian personality education thought of the Pre-Qin Dynasty. Mao Zedong once said: "from Confucius to Sun Zhongshan, we should sum up. Therefore, if we want to construct a new personality model to adapt to the socialist market economy, we must absorb and transform the traditional personality concept, so that the essence of the pre-Qin Confucian personality education thought can be inherited and carried forward. This paper attempts to comprehensively explore and discuss the historical background, theoretical basis, objectives, contents, principles and methods, and modern values of the Confucian personality education thought of the Pre-Qin Dynasty. This can enrich and develop the pre-Qin Confucian personality education theory. The first part is the introduction, which defines the basic concepts involved in this paper, and briefly expounds the research background, research methods, theoretical significance and application value of this paper. The second part analyzes the historical background of the pre-Qin Confucian personality education thought from four aspects: economic development, political change, the initial rise of science and technology, and culture agitation. This paper probes into the theoretical basis of the Confucian personality education thought in pre-Qin period from the view of "the unity of nature and man" and the theory of human nature. The third part interprets the educational goal of the ideal personality of the pre-Qin Confucianism from three aspects: the personality of the scholar, the personality of the gentleman and the personality of the sage. The ideal personality of the Confucianists in the pre-Qin period is a kind of moral personality. Mainly through the "scholar," "gentleman", "sage" these three typical ideal personality to reflect. The fourth part comprehensively explains the main contents of the personality education of the pre-Qin Confucian: benevolence, filial piety and filial piety, loyalty and forgiveness; taking righteousness and interest as the first; honesty, trustworthiness, humility and good manners; self-improvement, respect for morality and forgetfulness; Shang Qun is the public. The ideal personality advocated by the pre-Qin Confucianists is the unity of truth, goodness and beauty, which contains not only the inner virtue, but also the external virtue. From the inside to the outside, the internal and external revision is the basic criterion of selecting and arranging the content of personality education. The fifth part analyzes the principles and methods of personality education of the pre-Qin Confucianists: combination of learning and thinking, introspection of self-control, improvement of the good, care to be alone and careful in dyeing, unity of knowledge and practice. In the long-term educational practice, the pre-Qin Confucianists have found out many educational laws. It has accumulated a lot of valuable experience of personality education and summed up many effective theories of principles and methods of personality education, which is rich in content and profound in understanding. The sixth part discusses the modern value of the pre-Qin Confucian personality education thought, and points out that the pre-Qin Confucian personality education thought can improve the personality education theory of our country today. Guiding the practice of personality education and building a harmonious socialist society is of great significance.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G40-092

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