高职生成就动机、社会支持与职业决策困难的关系研究

发布时间：2018-11-03 07:16

【摘要】：职业决策困难是个体在做职业决策过程中可能遇到的各种难题，是从准备到最终决策过程中，个体可能遇见的各种问题，分为在决策过程开始前的困难和在决策过程中的困难，主要从两个方面影响决策者行为：阻碍个人做出决策或所做的决策不是最优决策。本研究关注职业决策困难对高职生的影响机制，研究采用《职业决策困难问卷》、《社会支持评定量表》、《成就动机量表》，以常州工程职业技术学院（三年制高职）中一、二、三年级学生，江苏城市职业学院（武进电大，五年制高职）中四、五年级学生，为研究对象，对438人进行有效调查，考察了高职生成就动机、社会支持、职业决策困难三个变量的现状，，从学制、专业、性别角度考察了高职生在这三个变量上的差异，并探讨了高职生成就动机、社会支持与职业决策困难三者间的关系，对社会支持在成就动机对职业决策困难影响中的中介效应进行检验。研究得出以下结论：（1）高职生职业决策困难、社会支持均处于中等水平，成就动机偏低。（2）高职生在信息不足、职业资料不足、对自己认识不足三个因子上，三年制高职生得分显著低于五年制高职生、男生得分显著低于女生；职业决策困难总分在学制、专业性别上均无显著差异。（3）高职生成就动机总分及各因子在不同学制、专业、性别上均无显著差异。（4）高职生社会支持总分在不同学制、专业、性别上均无显著差异；客观支持维度上存在性别差异显著，男生高于女生；对支持的利用度上专业差异显著，文科高于理科。（5）成就动机、社会支持与职业决策困难两两存在显著的相关关系：成就动机与社会支持分别与职业决策困难呈显著的负相关，成就动机与社会支持呈显著的正相关。（6）成就动机中的避免失败的动机、社会支持中的客观支持，两个因子对职业决策困难有预测作用。（7）社会支持在成就动机对职业决策困难的影响中起中介作用。根据研究结论，提出以下建议：高职生个体要激发个人的成就动机、提高对社会支持的利用水平；高职院校要建立健全分学制、有针对性的职业指导机制；国家政策层面要向高等职业教育提供更多的教育资源。
[Abstract]:Career decision making difficulty is a variety of difficult problems that an individual may encounter in the process of making a career decision. From the preparation to the final decision process, a variety of problems that an individual may encounter can be divided into difficulties before the beginning of the decision-making process and in the decision-making process. The behavior of decision makers is mainly influenced by two aspects: one is to hinder individuals from making decisions or the other is not to make optimal decisions. This study focuses on the influence mechanism of career decision making difficulties on vocational college students, and adopts the questionnaire of career decision making difficulties, the Social support rating scale, the Achievement motivation scale, and Changzhou Vocational and Technical College of Engineering (3 years higher Vocational College). The second and third year students, the fourth and fifth grade students of Jiangsu City Vocational College (Wujin Radio and TV University, Five-year higher Vocational College), were taken as the objects of study, and 438 students were effectively investigated, and the motive for the formation of higher vocational education and social support were investigated. The present situation of the three variables of career decision-making difficulties, from the point of view of school system, specialty and gender, examines the differences among these three variables, and probes into the relationship among the motivation of higher vocational school generation, social support and career decision making difficulties. This paper examines the intermediary effect of social support in the influence of achievement motivation on career decision making difficulties. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the vocational students' career decision making is difficult, the social support is in the middle level, and the achievement motivation is low. (2) the students in higher vocational college are lack of information, professional data and understanding of themselves. The score of three-year vocational students is significantly lower than that of five-year vocational students, and the score of boys is significantly lower than that of girls; There was no significant difference in academic structure and gender of professional decision-making difficulties. (3) there is no significant difference in the total score of motivation and every factor in different academic system, specialty, sex. (4) there was no significant difference in the total score of social support in different academic system, major, gender; there was significant gender difference in objective support dimension, boys were higher than female; the utilization of support was significantly different in specialty, liberal arts was higher than science. (5) there is significant correlation between achievement motivation, social support and career decision making difficulty: achievement motivation and social support have significant negative correlation with career decision making difficulty, and achievement motivation has significant positive correlation with social support. (6) the motivation of avoiding failure in achievement motivation, objective support in social support and two factors can predict the difficulty of career decision making. (7) Social support plays an intermediary role in the influence of achievement motivation on career decision making difficulties. According to the conclusions of the study, the following suggestions are put forward: the individual students in higher vocational colleges should stimulate their individual achievement motivation and improve the utilization level of social support, and higher vocational colleges should establish and improve the division system and the corresponding vocational guidance mechanism; At the level of national policy, more educational resources should be provided to higher vocational education.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G444

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