教师的阶层文化与教育的文化再生产——西方学者论阶层文化对教育公平的影响

发布时间：2019-03-08 21:15

【摘要】：在西方关于各阶层文化资本影响教育公平的诸多研究中,学者们普遍认为,源自社会上层的自由奢侈品位文化总是会被建构成社会的主流文化,并最终成为学校中的支配性文化和教育内容。由此,不同家庭背景的学生所携带的阶层文化与学校文化之间的契合度成为影响学生学业成就的重要因素。其中,教师趋向于学校所代表的自由奢侈品位文化以及中上阶层学生的文化习性,排斥劳工文化与底层学生的文化习性。教师文化中的这种阶层趋向通过教学过程导致中上阶层出身的学生学业成功的概率大、底层出身的学生学业成功的概率小,后者经由考试、教育分流以及就业渠道会导致阶层再生产。这是学校教育承担文化再生产和阶层再生产功能的内在机制。打破这种现象需要平等对待各阶层文化、树立多元智能观和全面的学力观,教师应走向文化觉醒,成为转化型知识分子。
[Abstract]:In many Western studies on the influence of cultural capital of various strata on educational equity, scholars generally believe that the culture of free luxury and taste derived from the upper strata of society will always be built into the mainstream culture of society. And eventually become the dominant culture and educational content in the school. Therefore, the correspondence between class culture and school culture carried by students from different family backgrounds has become an important factor affecting students' academic achievement. Among them, the teachers tend to the free luxury culture represented by the school and the cultural habits of the middle and upper class students, excluding the labor culture and the cultural habits of the bottom students. Such a class in teacher culture tends to lead to a high probability of academic success for students from the upper middle class through the teaching process, and a low probability of academic success for the students from the lower class, who pass the examination. Educational diversion and employment channels can lead to social reproduction. This is the internal mechanism that the school education undertakes the cultural reproduction and the stratum reproduction function. To break this phenomenon, it is necessary to treat all kinds of cultures equally, set up multiple intelligences and comprehensive academic abilities, and teachers should go towards cultural awakening and become transformed intellectuals.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学教育科学研究院;清华大学社会学系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“高校思想政治课教师队伍的现状、成因和对策研究”(项目编号:10CKS023)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：G451

【共引文献】