中国促进贫困地区义务教育发展的政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 01:18

本文关键词：中国促进贫困地区义务教育发展的政策研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国相继实现了“两基”目标、完成了义务教育的普及工作,教育扶贫成果显著。但义务教育事业仍然存在地区发展不均衡、政策落实不到位等问题。发展贫困地区义务教育既是阻断贫困代际传递的重要手段,影响着精准扶贫的进程,也是实现社会公平正义和全面建成小康社会的重要措施。本文运用文献分析法和经验总结法,辩证地从五个章节阐述中国促进贫困地区义务教育发展的政策。本文的第一章为绪论,从总体上对选题的意义、研究的现状、研究的方法及创新之处进行概括与论述。第二章对贫困、贫困地区、义务教育等概念进行阐释和现实考量。同时对发展贫困地区义务教育的必要性提出四点依据。第三章首先将中国义务教育事业的发展归纳为三个时期,并对各时期的政策内容和工作重心进行概括。其次,根据各时期的政策现状和变迁归纳出中国义务教育政策变化和发展的特点。最后,归纳总结出中国政府针对促进贫困地区义务教育发展的具体措施,即政策保障、财政扶持,各类工程和专项计划的保障。第四章概括贫困地区义务教育管理体制的运行和财政政策的执行现状,并归纳出四点义务教育政策在贫困地区难以落实的原因。第五章根据上一章归纳的四点困境提出对应建议,即通过易地搬迁安置和生态保护政策解决因自然环境导致的贫困;通过扶持生产就业和低保政策兜底解决贫困地区经济落后的问题;通过加大对贫困地区义务教育经费的投入、完善贫困地区义务教育的经费保障机制等措施,使贫困地区义务教育经费投入和使用不合理问题得到解决;通过均衡发达地区与贫困地区的师资力量、完善贫困地区学校和基础设施的建设来解决贫困地区学校落后和师生发展困难的问题;最后,通过加强贫困地区义务教育的宣传工作、保障教师学生的权益、鼓励支持社会力量积极参与义务教育事业等方式,调动贫困地区义务教育参与性,解决贫困地区的义务教育参与性较低的问题。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China has achieved the goal of "two bases" one after another, completed the popularization of compulsory education, and achieved remarkable results in poverty alleviation through education. However, the development of compulsory education is still uneven in the region. The development of compulsory education in poor areas is not only an important means to block the transmission of poverty, but also affects the process of precision poverty alleviation. It is also an important measure to realize social fairness and justice and to build a well-off society in an all-round way. Dialectically from the five chapters of China to promote the development of compulsory education policy in poor areas. The first chapter of this paper is the introduction, the overall significance of the topic, the status quo of the study. The methods and innovations of the research are summarized and discussed. The second chapter is about poverty and poverty areas. At the same time, the necessity of developing compulsory education in poor areas is based on four points. The third chapter summarizes the development of compulsory education in China into three periods. And the policy content and focus of work in each period are summarized. Secondly, according to the current situation and changes of the policy in each period, the characteristics of the change and development of the policy of compulsory education in China are summarized. The specific measures taken by the Chinese government to promote the development of compulsory education in poverty-stricken areas are summarized and summarized, that is, policy guarantee and financial support. Chapter 4th summarizes the operation of compulsory education management system and the implementation of fiscal policy in poverty-stricken areas. And summed up the four-point compulsory education policy in poverty areas difficult to implement the reasons. 5th chapter according to the four predicaments summarized in the previous chapter to put forward corresponding suggestions. That is, to solve the poverty caused by the natural environment through relocation and ecological protection policies; To solve the problem of economic backwardness in poverty-stricken areas by supporting productive employment and minimum subsistence policies; By increasing the investment in compulsory education in poverty-stricken areas and perfecting the fund guarantee mechanism of compulsory education in poverty-stricken areas, the unreasonable investment and use of compulsory education funds in poverty-stricken areas can be solved. To solve the problems of backward schools and difficult development of teachers and students in poor areas by balancing the teachers' strength in developed areas and poverty areas and improving the construction of schools and infrastructure in poor areas; Finally, by strengthening the publicity of compulsory education in poor areas, ensuring the rights and interests of teachers and students, encouraging the support of social forces to actively participate in the cause of compulsory education and other ways to mobilize the participation of compulsory education in poor areas. To solve the problem of low participation in compulsory education in poor areas.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G522.3

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