面孔吸引力对学龄前儿童分配情境下公平行为的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 10:08

  本文关键词： 资源分配 儿童 学龄前 面孔吸引力 公平　出处：《中国全科医学》2017年14期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的考察面孔吸引力对学龄前儿童分配情境下公平行为的影响。方法于2013年6—7月在北京市某幼儿园随机选择4岁、6岁儿童各40名,进行第三方分配任务。被试在每个试次中看到不同的一组照片,一张为面孔吸引力程度高,一张为面孔吸引力程度低。被试要对每组中两名接受者分配代币,分配数量分别为1、2、3颗,每个数量分配两次,共6个试次。采用重复测量方差分析儿童对不同面孔吸引力程度的接受者分配代币的数量。结果重复测量方差分析结果显示,面孔吸引力程度与年龄交互作用显著[F_((1,76))=15.55,P0.05];简单效应分析发现,4 岁儿童分配给面孔吸引力程度高和面孔吸引力程度低的接受者的代币数量差异无统计学意义(F=1.93,P=0.43);6 岁儿童偏好分配给面孔吸引力程度高的接受者(F=27.84,P0.01)。分配1颗代币时,面孔吸引力程度主效应显著[F_((1,76))=5.85,P0.05]。分配2颗代币时,面孔吸引力与年龄交互作用显著[F_((1,76))=11.63,P0.05];简单效应分析发现,4岁儿童分配给面孔吸引力程度高和面孔吸引力程度低的接受者的代币数量差异无统计学意义(F=0.27,P=0.60);6岁儿童偏好分配给面孔吸引力程度高的接受者(F=28.56,P0.01)。分配3颗代币时,面孔吸引力程度与年龄交互作用显著[F_((1,76))=7.04,P0.05];简单效应分析发现,4岁儿童分配给面孔吸引力程度高和面孔吸引力程度低的接受者的代币数量差异无统计学意义(F=0.03,P=0.86);6岁儿童偏好分配给面孔吸引力程度高的接受者(F=15.41,P0.01)。结论接受者的面孔吸引力会影响学龄前儿童的公平分配行为。随着年龄增长,儿童越来越偏爱分给面孔吸引力程度高的接受者更多资源。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the effect of facial attractiveness on the fair behavior of preschool children in the context of distribution. Methods from June to July, 2013, 40 children aged 4 to 6 years old were randomly selected from a kindergarten in Beijing. The subjects saw a different set of photos in each group, one was the face attractive degree, the other was the face attraction degree. The subjects were asked to distribute the token to the two recipients in each group. The assigned amount was 1 / 2 and 3 / 2 respectively, and each quantity was allocated twice. A total of 6 tests were conducted. Repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine the number of tokens allocated by recipients with different facial attractiveness. The interaction between facial attractiveness and age is significant. [(1) P05 / 5 (P < 0.05); Simple effect analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the number of tokens allocated to recipients with high and low facial attractiveness in children aged 4 years old. There was no significant difference in the number of coins allocated to recipients with high facial attractiveness and low facial attractiveness. 6 year old children preferred to be assigned to recipients with high facial attractiveness. The main effect of face attractiveness was significant when one token was allocated. [The interaction between face attractiveness and age is significant when two generations of coins are allocated. [(P < 0.05); Simple effect analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the number of tokens allocated to recipients with high and low facial attractiveness in children aged 4 years old, and there was no significant difference in the number of coins allocated to recipients with high facial attractiveness and low facial attractiveness. Children aged 6 years prefer to be assigned to recipients with high facial attractiveness. When three tokens are allocated, the interaction between facial attractiveness and age is significant. [(P < 0.05); Simple effect analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the number of tokens allocated to recipients with high and low facial attractiveness in children aged 4 years old, and there was no significant difference in the number of coins allocated to recipients with high facial attractiveness and low facial attractiveness. Children aged 6 years preferred to be assigned to recipients with a high degree of facial attractiveness. Conclusion the face attractiveness of the recipients will affect the fair distribution behavior of preschool children. With the increase of age, the children are more and more inclined to give more resources to the recipients with the higher facial attractiveness.
【作者单位】： 中国科学院行为科学重点实验室;中国科学院大学;丹麦奥尔堡大学学习与哲学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(31000469)
【分类号】：B844.1
【正文快照】： 公平是道德的核心,是社会学、经济学、生物学和心理学等多学科共同关注的话题。近年来,心理学研究者对儿童公平行为的关注增多,儿童在分配情境下的公平行为愈加受到重视。研究发现儿童对公平的偏好,早在婴儿期就表现出来,12~18个月的婴儿表现出对公平分配行为的敏感性,并对公，

本文编号：1473160