汶川地震灾区青少年心理健康与同伴关系、社会支持相关性

发布时间：2018-03-04 08:08

本文选题：地震灾区　切入点：青少年　出处：《卫生研究》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探讨汶川地震灾区青少年心理健康的变化状况及其影响因素。方法选取汶川地震重灾区(绵竹市)和轻灾区(成都市郊)的各1所中学的初一学生为研究对象,用纵向设计方案从2010年10月开始每隔6个月对其进行5次追踪问卷调查,问卷内容主要包括青少年的人口特征信息、青少年心理健康、自尊、社会支持及同伴关系等。研究纳入5次均参与调查的研究对象,共970人。其中重灾区415人(男生48.2%,女生51.8%),轻灾区555人(男生49.2%,女生50.8%)。第一次调查时研究对象平均年龄(11.6±0.5)岁。采用重复测量方差分析及潜变量增长曲线模型进行统计分析。结果总体上青少年心理健康水平在初中阶段有下降趋势(F=9.1,P0.05),且轻灾区的心理健康状况始终好于重灾区(F=135.9,P0.05),重灾区青少年的自尊、同伴关系略低于轻灾区(F依次为17.7和3.8,P0.05),而社会支持高于轻灾区(F=7.8,P0.05)。心理健康平均水平和变化受到自尊、同伴关系平均水平和变化的直接的积极的影响,同伴关系越好,自尊水平越高,青少年心理越健康(β=-0.119,-0.526;P均0.05)。同伴关系不仅直接影响青少年的心理健康,还通过提高社会支持水平这个中间变量(β=0.565,P0.001)来提高自尊水平(β=0.334,P0.001)进而间接促进心理健康。结论汶川地震灾区青少年的心理健康水平受到受灾程度、同伴关系、自尊和社会支持的影响,同伴关系越好,自尊水平越高,受灾程度越轻,社会支持水平越高,青少年心理越健康。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the changes of mental health of adolescents in Wenchuan earthquake stricken area and its influencing factors. Methods the first grade students from each middle school in Mianzhu city and light disaster area (Chengdu suburb) in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area were selected as the research objects. From October 2010, the longitudinal design scheme was used to carry out five follow-up questionnaires every six months. The questionnaire mainly included the demographic information of adolescents, the mental health of adolescents, and self-esteem. Social support and peer relationships. A total of 970 people were involved. 415 of them (48.2 male, 51.8% female) and 555 (49.2% male, 50.820% female) in the disaster area. The mean age of the subjects in the first survey was 11.6 卤0.5 years. The variance analysis of repeated measurements and the growth curve model of latent variables were used to carry out the unification. Results on the whole, the mental health level of young people in junior high school had a downward trend, and the mental health status of the light disaster area was always better than that of F135.9 and P0.05, and the self-esteem of the young people in the worst disaster area was higher than that in the severe disaster area. Peer relationship was slightly lower than that in light disaster area (17.7 and 3.8 P0.05, respectively), while social support was higher than that in light disaster-stricken area (P0.05). The average level and changes of mental health were positively affected by self-esteem, and the average level and change of peer relationship were directly and positively affected, the better the peer relationship was. The higher the level of self-esteem, the more healthy the adolescents' psychology (尾 -0.119 ~ -0.526). Peer relationship not only directly affects the mental health of adolescents, but also affects the mental health of adolescents. By raising the intermediate variable of social support level (尾 -0.565P0.001), the self-esteem level (尾 -0.334P0.001) was raised and then the mental health was indirectly promoted. Conclusion the mental health level of adolescents in Wenchuan earthquake disaster area is affected by the degree of disaster and the peer relationship. The influence of self-esteem and social support, the better the peer relationship, the higher the self-esteem level, the lighter the disaster, the higher the social support level, the more healthy the adolescent's psychology.
【作者单位】：四川大学华西公共卫生学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(No.81472994,30972546)
【分类号】：B844.2

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