义务教育择校利益相关者的利益平衡研究

发布时间：2018-03-28 12:46

本文选题：义务教育　切入点：择校　出处：《湖南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：择校问题在我国义务教育领域普遍存在。自20世纪九十年代以后,义务教育阶段的择校问题开始备受争议,并且越来越引起社会各界的广泛关注。国家对择校问题也给予了高度重视,曾颁布多项政策试图对这一问题进行有效治理,但政策期待和政策效果之间依然存在较大罅隙。因此,我们有必要进一步审视择校行为背后所潜藏的行为逻辑和价值追求,从而找寻到有效治理择校问题的可能钥匙。客观说,随着国家经济的不断发展和优先发展教育国家战略的提出,我国义务教育总体上取得了明显的成就,但是由于历史的、政策的原因,公共教育资源在区域之间、城乡之间、学校之间配置仍然呈现极不均衡状态,再加之我国优质教育资源增长和供给总体上仍然不能满足学生和家长对优质教育日益增长的需要,择校就成为一个广泛存在但难以有效解决的问题和难题。除此之外,家庭所拥有的社会资本、经济资本以及文化资本等不同资本作为一种教育外的力量不断介入教育领域,使择校现象愈演愈烈,甚至催生出家长们对有限优质教育资源角逐的博弈大战。伴随择校乱象滋生的诸多社会问题影响了教育发展应有的公平追求,也终将威胁社会和谐、稳定的发展秩序,故该问题逐步成为社会、媒体和政府决策者不断关注的热点、难点甚至焦点问题。转向我国义务教育阶段择校现象的背后,它实质上就是对我国教育发展不均衡和优质教育资源总量相对不足的反映。虽然它是教育发展到一定阶段的难以避免的产物,但如何有效避免择校过程中的非理性行为,我们必须有所作为。深入到非理性择校的背后,我们不难发现,择校行为实施过程,实际上就是择校利益相关者基于自身的多种利益通过行动进行表达的过程,不同主体过于追求自我利益的行为导致了主体间的利益失衡。因此,如何平衡不同利益相关者之间的利益关系就成了解决目前择校问题必须面对的关键点。均衡配置义务教育资源,不断扩大义务教育优质教育资源总量;制定合理的义务教育资源分配政策,引导不同利益相关者的合范行为;进一步促进民办学校发展,给家长提供更多的教育选择空间和机会,都可能成为缓解我国目前义务教育阶段择校问题现实紧张的有效策略。
[Abstract]:The problem of school selection is widespread in the field of compulsory education in China. Since the 1990s, the issue of school selection in compulsory education has become controversial. The state has also attached great importance to the issue of school selection, and has promulgated many policies to try to effectively control the problem. However, there is still a gap between policy expectations and policy effects. Therefore, it is necessary for us to further examine the underlying logic of behavior and the pursuit of value behind the behavior of school selection, so as to find the possible key to effectively managing the problem of school choice. With the continuous development of national economy and the putting forward of the national strategy of giving priority to the development of education, China's compulsory education has made obvious achievements on the whole. However, due to historical and policy reasons, public educational resources are between regions and between urban and rural areas. The allocation between schools is still very uneven, and in addition, the growth and supply of high-quality educational resources in China still can not meet the growing needs of students and parents for quality education. School selection has become a widespread but difficult problem to solve. In addition, different kinds of capital, such as social capital, economic capital and cultural capital, which are owned by families, are constantly involved in the field of education as a force outside education. The phenomenon of school selection becomes more and more intense, and even gives birth to a game war between parents of limited quality educational resources. With the chaos of school selection, many social problems have affected the fair pursuit of education development, and will eventually threaten social harmony. As a result of the stable development order, the problem has gradually become a hot, difficult and even focused issue that the society, the media and the government decision makers have been paying close attention to, which turns to the phenomenon of school selection in the compulsory education stage of our country. It is essentially a reflection of the imbalance in the development of education in our country and the relative insufficiency of the total amount of high-quality educational resources. Although it is an inevitable product of the development of education to a certain stage, how to effectively avoid the irrational behavior in the process of choosing schools? We must do something. Go deep into the background of irrational school selection, and we can easily find that the implementation process of school choice behavior is actually a process in which the stakeholders express themselves through actions based on their own multiple interests. The excessive pursuit of self-interest by different subjects leads to the imbalance of interests among them. How to balance the interest relationship between different stakeholders has become the key point to solve the problem of school selection at present, the balanced allocation of compulsory education resources, expanding the total amount of compulsory education quality education resources; To formulate a reasonable policy on the allocation of compulsory education resources, to guide the cooperative behavior of different stakeholders, to further promote the development of private schools, and to provide parents with more space and opportunities for educational choices, It may become an effective strategy to alleviate the current compulsory education stage in China.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G522.3

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