黑龙江省农村基础教育公共服务均等化对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 05:06

本文选题：公共服务　切入点：农村基础教育　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城乡基本公共服务是我国城乡居民可以公平享受的政府提供的公共产品。从传统经济方面分析由于部分公共资源存在不平等,尤其是基本公共服务方面,国内城乡"二元"结构差距越来越明显。而基础教育作为城乡基本公共服务的重要一部分,不均等的程度更为明显,这不仅有悖于公平,并且还会影响到我国构建和谐社会和经济可持续的发展。目前而言,实现不同区域教育公平,进一步促进区域发展平衡。一方面需要在资源分配上促进教育资源的公平化和均等化,另一方面需要保证教育机会的平等。本文将以黑龙江省农村基础教育均等化为研究对象,从对公共服务和基础教育的相关概念进行界定入手,总结公共服务均等化和农村基础教育的理论基础,从而明确基础教育的公共产品属性;通过对比研究方法、定性分析法和定量分析法,分析了我国农村基础教育政策的演进过程和农村基础教育现有情况,政府对有关基层教育资金投入,教育人力资源薪酬及相关办学环境和政策等进行了阐述。从人力资源、办学环境及资金投入等方面对城乡区域教育资源进行对比,寻找二者之间差距,发现在基层教育机构普遍存在教育资金不足、硬件陈旧、教师资源薄弱等突出问题;进而寻找解决我国城乡区域教育资源分配上不均等问题的方法,从当前国家的实情出发,完善相关教育分配的法律法规,为提高办学效率增添特别扶持制度,建立科学的教师管理制度的启示。针对基础教育城乡间差异及问题,提出了促进农村基础教育发展的对策,包括提升基础教育投入主体层级,完善基础教育财政投入模式;确立城乡经济统筹发展的政策理念,提高对农村的扶贫投资比值,改善农村基础教育配套设施;增制定教师优厚政策,强化教师学习与进修制度;完善教育行政机关问责机制保障基础教育均等化等。只有城乡基础教育供给的均等得以保障,让城乡孩子都能够平等享有基础教育的权利和机会,才可以最大程度的保证教育公平,保证生存和发展的平等。
[Abstract]:The basic public service in urban and rural areas is the public goods provided by the government that the urban and rural residents can enjoy equitably in our country. From the traditional economic aspect, because of the inequality of some public resources, especially the basic public service, The gap between urban and rural "dual" structure is becoming more and more obvious. As an important part of basic public services in urban and rural areas, the degree of inequality is even more obvious. This is not only contrary to fairness, It will also affect the construction of a harmonious society and sustainable economic development in our country. On the one hand, we need to promote the equity and equalization of educational resources, on the other hand, we need to ensure the equality of educational opportunities. This paper will take the equalization of rural basic education in Heilongjiang Province as the research object. Starting with the definition of the related concepts of public service and basic education, this paper summarizes the theoretical basis of equalization of public service and basic education in rural areas, so as to clarify the attributes of public goods of basic education. The qualitative analysis method and the quantitative analysis method, the analysis our country countryside elementary education policy evolution process and the countryside elementary education present situation, the government to the related basic level education fund investment, This paper expounds the compensation of educational human resources and the related educational environment and policies. It compares the educational resources of urban and rural areas from the aspects of human resources, school environment and capital investment, so as to find the gap between the two. It is found that there are some outstanding problems in grass-roots educational institutions, such as the shortage of educational funds, the outmoded hardware, the weak teacher resources, and so on, and the way to solve the problem of unequal distribution of educational resources in urban and rural areas of our country, starting from the current situation of the country. To perfect the relevant laws and regulations of educational distribution, to add special support system to improve the efficiency of running a school, and to establish a scientific teacher management system. In view of the differences and problems between the urban and rural areas of basic education, this paper puts forward some countermeasures to promote the development of rural basic education. It includes raising the main level of basic education input, perfecting the mode of basic education financial input, establishing the policy idea of urban and rural economic development as a whole, increasing the ratio of poverty alleviation investment to rural areas, and improving the supporting facilities of rural basic education. Increase the formulation of preferential policies for teachers, strengthen the system of teachers' study and further education, improve the accountability mechanism of educational administrative organs to ensure the equalization of basic education, etc. Only the equal supply of basic education in urban and rural areas can be guaranteed. Only by enabling urban and rural children to enjoy equal rights and opportunities of basic education can we ensure the greatest degree of equity in education and equality in survival and development.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G521

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