民办与公办高校大学生自尊影响因素及比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 09:06

本文选题：自尊 + 影响因素　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的自尊是大学生心理健康的核心,是大学生发挥主观能动性的前提。本研究的宗旨在通过对民办高校和公办高校本科大学生自尊现状及影响因素的研究,了解不同类别院校中不同专业,不同年级,不同性别,不同生源地大学生的自尊状况及其差异性和相关性,并分析其各种影响因素,从而有针对性的进行大学生心理健康指导,调动大学生学习的主观能动性,为全员育人,全方位育人提供参考依据。研究方法采用分层整群抽样,选取山东省济南市四所大学,研究对象主要包括大一至大四的四个不同专业的本科学生,按照不同专业和年级进行分层,使用大学生自尊量表以及大学生基本信息问卷进行调查,一共发放问卷2560份,收回的有效问卷2016份,有效率为78.75%。使用Epidata建立数据库,运用SPSS 20.0软件进行数据分析。研究结果1.从民办和公办大学生自尊现状分析看,27.93%的大学生处于低自尊水平。男生比女生的低自尊检出率高8.2%;大二年级的低自尊检出率最高35.5%;工科专业低自尊检出率最高31.4%,医学专业低自尊检出率最低25.6%;城市大学生的低自尊检出率比农村的高7.0%;是否独生子女的低自尊检出率差别很小,分别是27.9%和28.0%;是否班级干部之间的低自尊检查率也仅仅相差0.9%;家庭月收入在2000元到4000元之间的大学生低自尊检查率30.8%;与父母亲疏关系的低自尊检查率随着亲疏关系变化呈明显递增趋势,低自尊检出率分别是19.0%、38.6%和58.7%。大学生自尊量表各个因子中,人际自尊的低自尊检出率为32.44%,位居各因子之首。2.民办高校和公办高校大学生自尊量表得分结果显示,民办高校大学生自尊平均分和标准差为131.86±17.01,公办高校的为135.48±21.11,且两者差异有统计学意义(P0.05),故民办高校大学生自尊水平低于公办高校大学生;在大学生自尊量表内部各个因子比较中,学业自尊、家庭自尊、利他自尊、整体自尊和自尊总分之间的差异均有统计学意义(P均0.05),且从各因子自尊得分上看民办高校大学生各因子自尊水平均低于公办高校大学生;不同性别大学生自尊总分上比较,公办高校大学生男女生之间存在差异,女生得分高于男生,而民办高校大学生男女生之间自尊总分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);同性别比较结果显示,民办高校女大学生自尊低于公办高校女大学生;不同年级之间比较,民办高校大四学生的自尊总分最高(136.67±18.55),而公办高校大一学生的自尊总分最高(141.50±19.57),相同年级比较,民办高校和公办高校大一年级自尊总分差异具有统计学意义,民办高校大学生低于公办高校大学生;在不同父母亲疏关系中民办高校和公办高校大学生自尊总分均显示与父母关系亲密的大学生自尊水平最高,且民办高校大学生低于公办高校大学生;在不同家庭经济状况的比较中发现在家庭月收入4000元的大学生中民办高校自尊总分低于公办高校,且差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。3.按自尊得分的中位数将所调查的高校大学生划分为高自尊组与低自尊组。进行多因素logistic回归分析,探究高校大学生自尊的影响因素。研究发现年龄、性别、与父母亲疏关系、学校性质、是否班干部以及年级均是大学生自尊的影响因素。其中与父母的亲疏关系对大学生自尊的影响最大,结果显示随着与父母亲疏关系的疏远,大学生发生低自尊的风险逐渐增加,相比于与父母关系亲密的大学生,与父母亲疏关系一般的大学生发生低自尊的风险增高了 3.53倍(OR=3.53,P0.001)。而父母比较严厉的大学生的低自尊风险增高了 5.47倍(OR=5.47,P0.001)。结论与建议1.整体来看,大学生低自尊检出率为男生高于女生,工科专业高于其他专业,故对男生人数较多的工科学院的教学管理者来说,要更重视大学生心理健康教育,提高大学生自尊水平。2.多个因素的自尊水平分析均显示民办高校大学生自尊水平低于公办高校大学生,特别是在人际自尊方面。所以在大众创新,万众创业的当今社会,民办高校更要多给学生创造交流沟通机会,鼓励参加社会实践,采取多种措施丰富完善自我,提高大学生自尊水平。3.父母亲疏关系与大学生自尊水平呈正相关,故大学生父母要增加并重视与孩子的交流和沟通,给孩子更多的关心与鼓励,从而提高大学生自尊水平,保证大学生心理健康。此外,高校管理者可以考虑建立家校联盟平台,帮助家长更好的了解孩子在校的状况和表现,从而有的放矢的和孩子做好沟通。
[Abstract]:Research objective self-esteem is the core of College Students' mental health and the premise of their subjective initiative. The purpose of this study is to understand the status and influence factors of self-respect of college students in private colleges and public universities and to understand the different majors in different classes, different grades, different sexes and students of different origins. The status of self-respect, its difference and relevance, and the analysis of its various influencing factors, so as to guide the psychological health of college students, to mobilize the subjective initiative of college students, to provide reference basis for all the people to educate and to educate people in all directions. The research method adopts stratified cluster sampling, and selects four universities in Ji'nan, Shandong, to study the Four major undergraduate students, including the first one to four major, were stratified by different majors and grades, using the college students' self-esteem scale and the basic information questionnaire for college students. A total of 2560 questionnaires were issued and 2016 valid questionnaires were collected. The efficiency was 78.75%. using Epidata to establish a database and use SPSS 20. 1. from the analysis of the status of self-respect for private and public college students, 27.93% of the college students were in the low self-esteem level. The rate of low self-esteem detection for boys was 8.2% higher than that of girls, the highest rate of low self-esteem was 35.5% in the second grade, the highest rate of low self-esteem in engineering majors was 31.4%, and the lowest rate in medical professional low self-esteem was 25.6. The rate of low self-esteem in urban college students was 7% higher than that in rural areas. Whether the low self-esteem detection rates of only children were 27.9% and 28%, respectively, the rate of low self-esteem check between class cadres was only 0.9%, and the rate of low self-esteem examination between the family monthly income from 2000 to 4000 yuan was 30.8%, and the relationship between the parents and the parents was 30.8%. The rate of low self-esteem examination showed an obvious increasing trend with the change of relative relationship, the rate of low self-esteem detection was 19%, 38.6% and 58.7%. college students' self-esteem scale, and the low self-esteem detection rate of interpersonal self-esteem was 32.44%. The results showed that the score of self-esteem scale of.2. private colleges and universities and public colleges and universities showed that private colleges and universities were large. The average score and standard deviation of the students' self-esteem were 131.86 + 17.01, and the public universities were 135.48 + 21.11, and the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Therefore, the self-respect level of the private college students was lower than that of the public college students. In the comparison of the factors inside the self-respect scale of the college students, the academic self-esteem, family self-esteem, altruistic self-esteem, the overall self-esteem and self-respect were also found. The difference between the total scores was statistically significant (P 0.05), and from the scores of each factor, the self-respect level of each factor of college students in private colleges and universities was lower than that of the public college students. There is no significant difference in the total score of self-esteem (P0.05). The result of homosexual comparison shows that the self-esteem of the female college students in private colleges is lower than that of the female college students in the public colleges and universities. The total score of the self-esteem of the senior four students in the private colleges and universities is the highest (136.67 + 18.55), while the total score of the senior students in the public colleges and universities is the highest (141.50 + 19.57). Compared with the same grade, the difference of the total score of self-esteem in the first grade of the private colleges and universities is statistically significant. The private college students are lower than the public college students. In the relationship between the parents and the public colleges and universities, the total self-esteem scores of the private colleges and the public college students show that the self-esteem of the college students with close relationship with their parents is the highest and private. College students are lower than the public college students. In the comparison of the economic situation of different families, the total score of self-respect in private colleges and universities in the college students with family monthly income of 4000 yuan is lower than that of the public colleges and universities, and the difference is statistically significant (P 0.05) is divided into high self-esteem and low self-respect groups according to the median of self-esteem scores. Zun group. Carry out multiple factor Logistic regression analysis to explore the influence factors of College Students' self-esteem. The study found that age, sex, relationship with parents, school nature, class cadres and grades are the influencing factors of College Students' self-esteem, and the relationship with parents' parents' relationship has the greatest influence on College Students' self-esteem, and the result shows with the father. The risk of low self-esteem in college students increased gradually. Compared to those with close relationship with parents, the risk of low self-esteem of college students with parents close relationship was 3.53 times higher (OR=3.53, P0.001). The risk of low self-esteem of college students with severe parents increased by 5.47 times (OR=5.47, P0.001). On the whole, the rate of low self-esteem of college students is higher than that of girls and engineering major is higher than that of other majors. Therefore, for the teaching managers of the College of Engineering College with more male students, it is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health education of college students, and to improve the self-esteem level of.2., which can improve the level of self-respect of college students, and all show that the private colleges and universities are large. The level of self-esteem of students is lower than that of public college students, especially in interpersonal self-esteem. So in the modern society where the masses are innovating and all the people are doing business, the private colleges and universities should create more opportunities for communication and communication to students, encourage participation in social practice, take various measures to enrich themselves, and improve the level of self-esteem of.3. parents. The level of students' self-esteem is positively related, so the parents of college students should increase and attach importance to the communication and communication with their children, give their children more care and encouragement, so as to improve their self-esteem level and guarantee their mental health. In addition, the university administrators can consider the establishment of a home school alliance platform to help parents better understand the situation of their children in school. And performance so that we can communicate with children in a targeted way.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G444

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