美国佛罗里达州K-12在线学习的支持主体研究

发布时间：2018-06-22 22:30

本文选题：佛罗里达 + 中小学　；参考：《西南大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：美国K-12在线学习在一系列新技术的影响下,新世纪以来获得了快速发展。作为促进学科教学与信息技术深度融合的新型教学模式,在线学习能够在美国K-12阶段迅速发展也得益于各支持主体的协作和参与。除了传统的学校、教师、学生、家长的参与,还有许多官方和非官方、盈利和非盈利的组织机构。如开发在线课程与工具的供应商,组织在线学习的中间服务提供方,以及作为在线学习最终实施者的学校和作为监管方的政府,还有参与到公立学校运营管理的许多非政府机构。美国佛罗里达州的在线学习项目历史悠久,在美国K-12在线学习良好发展的趋势下,佛罗里达州拥有全美最大的虚拟学校,佛罗里达虚拟学校目前已经成为全球示范性虚拟学校,吸引了来自世界各地的学生。本论文以信息化时代美国K-12在线学习的兴起与发展为现实背景,以佛罗里达K-12在线学习为研究个案,以社会学中的结构功能主义和管理学中的组织行为学为理论基础,以在线学习实施过程中相关主体的角色与实践运作为主要内容,以提出推进中国在线学习发展的政策与实践建议为最终目标。论文首先分析了美国佛罗里达州K-12在线学习兴起的背景与支持主体,从信息化时代美国在线学习的兴起与发展介绍了当前美国在线学习的发展情况,以及美国佛罗里达州K-12在线学习的现状。佛罗里达州是全美公认的K-12在线学习的区域引领者,该州67个学区的K-12阶段学生都可以在在线学校注册学习,或参加在线学习项目或课程。为推动佛罗里达州K-12在线学习的有序发展,该州制定了在线学习的机会、资金资助、质量和学校发展等方面政策。论文主体围绕佛罗里达州K-12在线学习的支持主体展开,以社会学中的结构功能主义和管理学中的组织行为学为理论基础,以在线学习实施过程中相关主体的角色与实践运作为主要内容,分析了佛罗里达州K-12在线学习得以有效运行的支持主体,包括在线学习的的资源开发者、在线学习的活动组织者、在线学习的合作参与者、以及在线学习的运行监管者四类在线学习支持主体。其中,在线学习的的资源开发者包括数字化课程资源开发商、学习平台和工具开发商、在线学习管理和信息系统服务提供商、在线教师专业发展的指导机构;在线学习的活动组织者包括州虚拟学校、在线学习区域教育机构、跨地区在线学习联合体;在线学习的合作参与者主要包括各类公私立中小学以及民间专业组织;而政府作为在线学习的运行监管者,主要负责出台在线学习政策与标准,监管州虚拟学校、虚拟特许学校等机构运行,评估在线学习教育质量并核算拨付教育经费。本研究认为,在佛罗里达州K-12在线学习实施过程中,上述主体间的合作保障了在线学习的有效运行。积累了如下经验:一是通过法律法规对在线学习的认定保障了主体身份的合法性,二是市场化的运作与广泛参与保障了主体构成的开放性,三是创新的教学模式与技术工具保障了教学过程的有效性,四是畅通的主体间协调机制保障了主体运行的协同性,五是有效的绩效评估与问责体系保障了主体职能的强制性,这些经验对中国开展在线学习具有借鉴参考价值。
[Abstract]:Under the influence of a series of new technologies, K-12 online learning in the United States has developed rapidly in the new century. As a new teaching model to promote the deep integration of subject teaching and information technology, online learning can develop rapidly in the K-12 stage in the United States and benefit from the cooperation and participation of the various supporting subjects. There are many official and unofficial, unofficial, profitable and nonprofit organizations, such as the suppliers of online courses and tools, the organization of intermediate service providers for online learning, the schools and regulators as the final implementers of online learning, and the many non political activities involved in the operation and management of public schools. The online learning program in Florida, United States, has a long history. Under the trend of good development of K-12 online learning in the United States, Florida has the largest virtual school in the United States. Florida virtual school has now become a global model virtual school, attracting students from all over the world. This paper is based on the information age. The rise and development of K-12 online learning in the United States is a realistic background, taking the online learning of Florida K-12 as a case study, taking structural functionalism in sociology and organizational behavior in management as the theoretical basis, and taking the role and practice of related subjects in the process of online learning as the main content to advance China online. The policy and practice proposal of learning development is the ultimate goal. First, the paper analyzes the background and support subjects of the rise of K-12 online learning in Florida, USA, and introduces the current development of online learning in the United States from the rise and development of online learning in the information age, as well as the status of K-12 online learning in the state of Florida, USA. Florida is a recognized regional leader in K-12 online learning in the United States. All K-12 students in 67 school districts in the state can register in online schools, or participate in online learning programs or courses. In order to promote the orderly development of K-12 online learning in Florida, the state has developed online learning opportunities, funding, quality and schools. Development and other aspects of policy. The main body of the paper is centered around the support subject of K-12 online learning in Florida. Based on the structural functionalism and organizational behavior in the sociology of sociology, the main body of the thesis is based on the role and practice of the related subjects in the process of online learning, and analyzes the online learning of K-12 in the state of the state. The acquisition of effective operational support subjects, including online learning resources developers, online learning activities organizers, online learning partners, and online learning operating supervisors four types of online learning support subjects. Among them, online learning resource developers include digital curriculum resources developers, learning platforms and Tool developers, online learning management and information system service providers, guidance institutions for online teacher professional development; online learning activities organizers include state virtual schools, online learning regional education institutions, cross regional online learning Consortium; online learning cooperation participants mainly include all kinds of public and private primary and secondary schools and folk The government, as the running supervisor of online learning, is mainly responsible for the introduction of online learning policies and standards, the supervision of the virtual schools in the state, the virtual charter schools and other institutions, the evaluation of online learning quality and the appropriation of educational funds. This study believes that the above-mentioned subjects are in the process of implementing K-12 online learning in Florida. The cooperation between them ensures the effective operation of online learning. The following experience is accumulated: first, the legitimacy of the online learning is ensured through laws and regulations, and the two is the opening of the operation and extensive participation of the market and the extensive participation, and the three is the innovative teaching mode and technical tools to ensure the effectiveness of the teaching process. The four is the unimpeded intersubjective coordination mechanism that guarantees the coordination of the main operation, and the five is the effective performance evaluation and accountability system that guarantees the mandatory function of the main body. These experiences have reference value for China to carry out online learning.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G434

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