隔代亲合与农村留守青少年的抑郁、生活满意度：逆境信念的中介作用

发布时间：2018-07-28 07:23

【摘要】：由于父母长期在外打工,农村留守青少年长期生活在亲子亲情缺失的不利环境中。研究表明,农村留守青少年的消极情绪水平显著高于非留守青少年(Zhao,LiuWang,2015)。由于消极情绪的长期伴随和累积会影响留守青少年的积极健康成长,揭示能够降低留守青少年消极情绪的作用机制成为近年来研究者关注的重要主题。但是,越来越多的研究者认识到心理健康不仅仅是没有心理疾病,还应包括高生活满意度等积极心理健康状态的拥有。因此,为更好的理解农村留守青少年的心理健康水平,促进其积极发展,本研究不仅探讨降低农村留守青少年消极情绪的保护机制,同时也对其积极情绪的保护因素及其作用机制进行研究。由于父母长期在外打工,祖父母(外祖父母)成为农村留守青少年尤其是双亲外出青少年的主要照料者,祖辈与青少年积极的情感联结对留守青少年的积极适应具有重要作用。因此,本研究选取双亲外出留守青少年作为样本,关注隔代亲合、逆境信念这两个保护因素对其抑郁、生活满意度的影响,并对这两个保护因素的作用机制进行探讨。同时,本研究也将以非留守青少年群体作为对照组,探讨两类青少年在各变量及作用机制上可能存在的差异。采用隔代亲合、逆境信念、抑郁与生活满意度量表对204名双亲外出青少年和259名非留守青少年进行了测查,考察了两类青少年隔代亲合、逆境信念、抑郁和生活满意度的特点,检验了隔代亲合对两类青少年抑郁、生活满意度的直接预测作用,探讨了两类青少年的逆境信念在隔代亲合与抑郁、生活满意度之间的中介作用机制及可能存在的差异。主要研究结果如下:1.双亲外出青少年与非留守青少年在逆境信念水平上存在差异,非留守青少年的逆境信念水平显著高于双亲外出青少年;双亲外出青少年与非留守青少年在隔代亲合、抑郁及生活满意度水平上不存在显著差异。2.在双亲外出青少年群体和非留守青少年群体中,隔代亲合与抑郁均呈显著负相关,与生活满意度均呈显著正相关;隔代亲合与逆境信念均呈显著正相关;逆境信念与抑郁呈均呈显著负相关,与生活满意度呈显著正相关。3.隔代亲合能显著负向预测双亲外出青少年和非留守青少年的抑郁水平,即隔代亲合水平越高,两类青少年的抑郁水平越低;隔代亲合能显著正向预测双亲外出青少年和非留守青少年的生活满意度水平,即隔代亲合水平越高,两类青少年的生活满意度水平越高。进一步研究发现,隔代亲合对双亲外出青少年抑郁、生活满意度的直接预测作用高于非留守青少年。4.逆境信念在隔代亲合与抑郁之间存在中介作用;逆境信念在隔代亲合与生活满意度之间也存在中介作用。5.逆境信念在隔代亲合与抑郁之间的中介作用存在留守类别差异。留守类别差异均表现在隔代亲合对逆境信念的预测路径上,即双亲外出青少年的隔代亲合对逆境信念的影响大于非留守青少年,隔代亲合对双亲外出青少年逆境信念的提升作用更大。6.在双亲外出青少年和非留守青少年群体中分别对逆境信念在隔代亲合与生活满意度之间的中介模型进行检验,发现在两个群体中逆境信念仅能边缘显著预测生活满意度;并且逆境信念的中介效应在两个群体中均没有达到显著水平。
[Abstract]:Because the parents have long been working outside, the young people in rural areas have long lived in the adverse environment of the lack of parents and relatives. The study shows that the negative emotional level of the young people in rural areas is significantly higher than that of the non left behind adolescents (Zhao, LiuWang, 2015). However, more and more researchers have realized that mental health is not only without psychological disease, but also should include positive mental health status such as high life satisfaction. Therefore, to better understand the youth left behind in rural areas. This study not only discusses the protection mechanism of reducing the negative emotions of the young left behind in rural areas, but also studies the protective factors and mechanisms of their positive emotions. The main caregivers of young people, the positive emotional link between the grandparents and the youngsters plays an important role in the active adaptation of the youngsters. Therefore, this study chooses the parents of the parents to stay away as a sample, and pays attention to the influence of the two protective factors on their depression and life satisfaction, and the two protective factors. At the same time, the study will also take the non retained youth group as the control group to explore the possible differences between the two types of adolescents in each variable and the mechanism of action. 204 adolescents and 259 non retained adolescents were measured by the intergenerational affinity, adversity belief, depression and life satisfaction scale. We examined the characteristics of two types of adolescents' intergeneration, adversity belief, depression and life satisfaction, and examined the direct prediction of two types of adolescent depression and life satisfaction, and discussed the mediating mechanism and the possible difference between the adversity belief of two types of adolescents in the intergeneration and depression and the life satisfaction. The main results are as follows: 1. there is a difference in the level of adversity belief between the teenagers and the non staying young people, and the level of adversity belief is significantly higher than that of the two parents, and there is no significant difference in the level of depression and life satisfaction between the two parents and those of the non left behind adolescents. There was significant negative correlation and positive correlation with life satisfaction, and there was a significant positive correlation between intergeneration and adversity belief, and there was a significant negative correlation between adversity belief and depression, and a significant positive correlation with survival satisfaction in.3. generation was significant. The higher the level of depression, the higher the level of Intergeneration affinity, the lower the level of depression in the two types of adolescents, the higher the level of life satisfaction, the higher the level of Intergeneration affinity and the life satisfaction water of the two types of adolescents. Further studies have found that the direct prediction of depression and life satisfaction is higher than that of non left behind adolescents..4. adversity belief has a mediating role in the intergeneration and depression, while adversity belief has a mediating role of.5. adversity belief in the next generation. The difference in the mediating role of combination and depression exists in the left behind category. The differences in the retention category are all manifested in the prediction path of the adversity belief, that is, the influence of the next generation of parents on the adversity belief is greater than that of the non left behind teenagers, and the promotion effect of the next generation of parents on the adversity belief of the two parents is greater in.6.. The mediating model of adversity belief and life satisfaction was tested among the adolescents and non staying adolescents. It was found that adversity belief could only predict life satisfaction in the two groups, and the mediating effect of adversity belief did not reach a significant level in the two groups.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2

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