夏热冬冷地区中小学教学楼建筑节能设计研究

发布时间：2018-12-27 08:01

【摘要】：随着我国经济发展,建筑能耗问题日益严峻。在全国的热工气候分区中,夏热冬冷地区夏季炎热、冬季寒冷、雨热同季等气候特点造成该地区的能源消耗更为突出。中小学校园数量多,建筑单位面积能耗高,在中小学教学楼建筑实际节能设计过程中,设计人员往往忽略了小学、初中、高中教学楼间存在的能耗差异性,导致这三类教学楼在节能设计时无差别。本文针对夏热冬冷气候区的地域因素,基于该地区建筑不集中采暖、间歇式用能能耗特点,笔者调研该地区教学楼能耗现状,分析气候特点、建筑设计因素、能源使用现状等对教学楼建筑能耗的影响,探究夏热冬冷地区中小学教学楼建筑能耗高的原因所在;从中小学教学楼用能方式、使用人员差异性和使用时间差异性等角度出发,对小学、初中、高中教学楼建筑能耗特点分别细化分析,阐明三者能耗方式差异性,指出现有节能设计方法在实际应用中对小学、初中、高中教学楼的节能不足之处;借助环境模拟软件Design Builder对中小学教学楼能耗进行模拟分析,并从建筑朝向、空间布局、开窗率、制冷制暖房间墙体屋顶围护结构热工性能和保温设置方式等角度对夏热冬冷中小学教学楼建筑进行节能设计研究,阐明以上五个方面与中小学教学楼建筑能耗间的量化关系;并分别对小学、初中、高中教学楼建筑的朝向、空间布局、开窗率和围护结构热工性能提出具体、针对性节能措施,并进一步对节能方案的经济可行性进行对比研究,目的为夏热冬冷地区中小学教学楼建筑节能设计提供更合理的节能建筑方案。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy in our country, the problem of building energy consumption is becoming more and more serious. In the national thermal climate zone, the energy consumption in this area is more prominent due to the hot summer and cold summer, cold winter and the same season of rain and heat. The number of primary and secondary schools is large and the energy consumption per unit area is high. In the process of practical energy-saving design of teaching buildings in primary and secondary schools, designers often ignore the differences in energy consumption among primary, junior high and high school buildings. As a result of these three types of buildings in energy-saving design no difference. In view of the regional factors in the hot summer and cold winter climate area, based on the characteristics of the buildings in this area which are not centralized heating and intermittent energy consumption, the author investigates the present situation of the energy consumption of the teaching buildings in this area, analyzes the climate characteristics and architectural design factors. The current situation of energy use on the impact of building energy consumption in teaching buildings, to explore the high energy consumption of primary and secondary school buildings in hot summer and cold winter. From the perspective of energy use mode, personnel difference and time difference of primary and middle school teaching buildings, this paper analyzes the characteristics of building energy consumption in primary, junior middle and high school buildings, and clarifies the differences of energy consumption modes among them. Points out that the existing energy-saving design methods in the practical application of primary school, junior high school, high school teaching building energy-saving deficiencies; With the help of environmental simulation software Design Builder, the energy consumption of primary and secondary school buildings is simulated and analyzed, and from the building orientation, spatial layout, window opening rate, From the aspects of thermal performance and insulation setting, the energy saving design of primary and secondary school buildings in hot summer and cold winter is studied, and the quantitative relationship between the above five aspects and the building energy consumption of primary and secondary school buildings is clarified. And put forward concrete and targeted energy saving measures for the building orientation, space layout, window opening rate and thermal performance of the enclosure structure of primary, junior high and high school teaching buildings, and further compare the economic feasibility of the energy conservation scheme. The purpose is to provide more reasonable energy-saving building design for primary and secondary school buildings in hot summer and cold winter area.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU244.2;TU201.5

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