考为教师：N市教师招聘政策的案例研究
发布时间：2019-03-14 17:35
【摘要】：政策偏好是政策主体因其利益诉求而对某种政策选择效用的预期。在教师招聘政策过程中,作为政策主体的教育部门对报考者在资格限制与选拔方式方面有其偏好,同样作为政策主体的报考者亦有其择业与应试的偏好。教师招聘政策的结果是教育部门的偏好与报考者的偏好共同作用而产生的。总体而言,教师招聘数量既存在学科的不同,又存在城乡之间的差别,这些差别源自教师招聘政策设计、教育资源调整、学科调整、高考模式等因素的影响。因招聘主体要求的不同,N市教师招聘的结果呈现出分层的特点,同时地域间教师整体素养存在不均衡的特点。具体而言,N市教师招聘主要存在四类偏好。首先,N市教育部门具有资格限制与选拔路径方面的偏好。就资格限制而言,考虑到地方利益、编制政策等因素,N市教师招聘的主要政策对象为师范类本科生群体、有专业背景的硕士生群体;就选拔路径而言,因考试对报考者具有界定与区分功能,N市采取先笔试后面试的考试程序,笔试体现了在知识与技能要求、地方文化、职业生涯方面对报考者要求,面试主要考查报考者的授课能力,其形式主要有校招和区招两类,一些优质学校在面试中有更多的自主权。其次,报考者具有一定的择业与应试偏好。就择业偏好而言,选择教师职业是报考者以其对职业回报的判断为基础的,他们在择业时比较看重编制,会考虑就业压力,并且热衷于名校、城区、近郊地区。N市本地户籍者、女性群体、师范院校毕业生群体更倾向于当教师,教师群体以本科学历者居多;就路径而言,报考者有其应试偏好,他们努力使自己符合教师招聘考试的内在要求,相对于男性报考者,女性报考者在教师招考中更有优势。这些偏好具有“非教育因素”与“教育因素”两方面的特征。在“非教育因素”的影响下,教师是行政管理之下的一种职业选择,就“教育因素”而言,教师招聘有着知识崇拜的情结,因为教师选拔内涵着应试教育的要求,同时成为教师的过程也是一种应试的过程。在教师招聘中,谁应该成为教师招聘的组织主体、编制管理是否合理、考试能否选拔出优秀教师以及资格限制是否阻碍公共利益的实现等问题均存在进一步改革的要求。改革教师编制管理方式、实现教师身份多元化、规范公共权力的活动空间是改进教师招聘的有效方式。
[Abstract]:The policy preference is the expectation of the policy subject's effect on a certain policy for its benefit. In that course of the teacher's recruitment policy, the education department, which is the subject of policy, has its preference in terms of qualification and selection. The result of the teacher's recruitment policy is that the preference of the education department is combined with the preference of the reporter. In general, the number of teachers' recruitment is different from the subject, and there are differences between the urban and rural areas, which are derived from the factors such as the design of the teacher's recruitment policy, the adjustment of the educational resources, the adjustment of the subject and the mode of the college entrance examination. Due to the different requirements of the recruitment subject, the results of the recruitment of the teachers in the N city show the characteristics of the stratification, and the overall quality of the teachers in the region is not balanced. In particular, there are four types of preference for the recruitment of teachers in the city of N. First, the N city education department has the preference of the qualification limit and the selection route. In terms of the qualification limit, the main policy object of the recruitment of the teachers in the city of N is the group of the normal undergraduate and the master's master group with the professional background, taking into account the factors such as the local interest and the preparation of the policy. The paper discusses the examination procedure of the interview after the first written examination in the city of N. The written examination reflects the requirements of the examiner in the requirements of knowledge and skill, the local culture and the professional career. The interview mainly examines the teaching ability of the reporter, and the form of the examination mainly includes two kinds of enrollment in the school and the district. Some high-quality schools have more autonomy in the interview. Second, the reporter has a certain career choice and the test preference. In terms of the preference of career choice, the choice of the teacher's profession is based on the judgment of the reward of the profession, which is based on the judgment of the return of the profession. in that case of the local household register of the city, the group of female and the group of the graduates of the normal college are more inclined to be the teacher and the group of teachers in the majority of the bachelor's degree; in the case of the path, the applicants have their test preference, and they try to adapt themselves to the internal requirements of the teacher's recruitment examination, and to the male reporter, The female applicants have more advantages in the examination of the teacher. These preferences have the characteristics of both "non-educational factors" and "educational factors". Under the influence of the "non-educational factors", the teacher is a kind of professional choice under the administration management. As far as the "educational factors" is concerned, the teacher recruitment has the complex of knowledge worship, because the selection of the teacher is the requirement of the test education, and the process of becoming a teacher is also a test process. In the recruitment of teachers, who should be the subject of the organization of the recruitment of the teacher, whether the preparation of the management is reasonable, whether the test can select the outstanding teachers and the realization of the qualification to restrict the realization of the public interest is the requirement of further reform. The effective way to improve the teacher's recruitment is to reform the management mode of the teacher, to realize the diversity of the teacher's identity and to regulate the activity space of the public power.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G525.1
本文编号：2440205
[Abstract]:The policy preference is the expectation of the policy subject's effect on a certain policy for its benefit. In that course of the teacher's recruitment policy, the education department, which is the subject of policy, has its preference in terms of qualification and selection. The result of the teacher's recruitment policy is that the preference of the education department is combined with the preference of the reporter. In general, the number of teachers' recruitment is different from the subject, and there are differences between the urban and rural areas, which are derived from the factors such as the design of the teacher's recruitment policy, the adjustment of the educational resources, the adjustment of the subject and the mode of the college entrance examination. Due to the different requirements of the recruitment subject, the results of the recruitment of the teachers in the N city show the characteristics of the stratification, and the overall quality of the teachers in the region is not balanced. In particular, there are four types of preference for the recruitment of teachers in the city of N. First, the N city education department has the preference of the qualification limit and the selection route. In terms of the qualification limit, the main policy object of the recruitment of the teachers in the city of N is the group of the normal undergraduate and the master's master group with the professional background, taking into account the factors such as the local interest and the preparation of the policy. The paper discusses the examination procedure of the interview after the first written examination in the city of N. The written examination reflects the requirements of the examiner in the requirements of knowledge and skill, the local culture and the professional career. The interview mainly examines the teaching ability of the reporter, and the form of the examination mainly includes two kinds of enrollment in the school and the district. Some high-quality schools have more autonomy in the interview. Second, the reporter has a certain career choice and the test preference. In terms of the preference of career choice, the choice of the teacher's profession is based on the judgment of the reward of the profession, which is based on the judgment of the return of the profession. in that case of the local household register of the city, the group of female and the group of the graduates of the normal college are more inclined to be the teacher and the group of teachers in the majority of the bachelor's degree; in the case of the path, the applicants have their test preference, and they try to adapt themselves to the internal requirements of the teacher's recruitment examination, and to the male reporter, The female applicants have more advantages in the examination of the teacher. These preferences have the characteristics of both "non-educational factors" and "educational factors". Under the influence of the "non-educational factors", the teacher is a kind of professional choice under the administration management. As far as the "educational factors" is concerned, the teacher recruitment has the complex of knowledge worship, because the selection of the teacher is the requirement of the test education, and the process of becoming a teacher is also a test process. In the recruitment of teachers, who should be the subject of the organization of the recruitment of the teacher, whether the preparation of the management is reasonable, whether the test can select the outstanding teachers and the realization of the qualification to restrict the realization of the public interest is the requirement of further reform. The effective way to improve the teacher's recruitment is to reform the management mode of the teacher, to realize the diversity of the teacher's identity and to regulate the activity space of the public power.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G525.1
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