经济增长、教育扩展与收入分配——两个“倒U”假说的检验

发布时间：2018-03-08 00:13

本文选题：“倒U”假说　切入点：经济增长　出处：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2009年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济高速增长,教育事业也得到了迅速扩展。而与此同时,居民的收入分配差距也开始逐年拉大。梳理经济增长、教育扩展与收入分配三者关系并讨论中国居民收入分配的变化规律,可以更好地制定收入分配政策。通过对两个"倒U"假说的实证检验发现:经济增长与收入分配存在着"倒U"关系,中国的收入差距总体上是逐年扩大的,但2002年以来出现了一些缓解的趋势;教育扩展与收入分配的"倒U"关系没有得到充分验证,尽管平均受教育年限和平均受教育年限平方的估计系数是一正一负的,但在统计上不显著。相关分析发现,经济增长与教育扩展之间具有高度的一致性,二者对收入分配的影响也是相似的,这可以为两个"倒U"假设的一致性提供解释。目前我国平均受教育年限已经处于"倒U"曲线的拐点附近,对政府而言,继续关注民生问题,优先发展教育事业将是缩小收入分配差距的有效公共政策。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up to the outside world, China's economy has grown at a high speed and education has been expanded rapidly. At the same time, the income distribution gap among residents has also begun to widen year by year. The relationship between educational expansion and income distribution and the changing law of income distribution of Chinese residents are discussed. Through the empirical test of two "inverted U" hypotheses, it is found that there is a "inverted U" relationship between economic growth and income distribution, and the income gap in China is generally widening year by year. However, since 2002, there have been some abatement trends; the "inverted U" relationship between educational expansion and income distribution has not been fully verified, although the estimated coefficients of the square of the average number of years of schooling and the average number of years of education are positive and negative. But it is not statistically significant. Correlation analysis shows that there is a high degree of consistency between economic growth and educational expansion, and the impact of the two on income distribution is similar. This can provide an explanation for the consistency of the two "inverted U" hypotheses. At present, the average number of years of education in China is near the inflection point of the "inverted U" curve. For the government, it continues to pay attention to people's livelihood issues. Giving priority to the development of education will be an effective public policy to narrow the income distribution gap.
【作者单位】：西北师范大学西北少数民族教育发展研究中心;
【基金】：甘肃省教育科学“十一五”规划项目“甘肃省高等教育规模扩展与劳动力市场衔接研究”
【分类号】：G520;F124

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