西安市高年级小学生心理健康与父母、教师心理健康的相关研究

发布时间：2018-01-14 22:27

本文关键词：西安市高年级小学生心理健康与父母、教师心理健康的相关研究　出处：《陕西师范大学》2007年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 小学生心理健康教育及其研究，是当前教育界关注的热点问题。加强小学生心理健康教育，促进小学生心理健康发展，已经形成共识。许多研究者就小学生心理健康现状及如何提高心理健康教育的实效性做了大量有益的研究，取得了有价值的成果，但是角度有限，内容不够全面系统，尤其是对父母、教师心理健康与小学生心理健康关系的研究尚不够深入。事实上，父母和教师是小学生成长过程中的重要他人，其心理健康水平对小学生的影响作用不容忽视。为此，本研究调查了西安市高年级小学生及其家长、教师的心理健康状况，探讨了家长、教师心理健康对小学生心理健康的影响作用，为改善学校心理健康教育工作、有效提高小学生心理健康水平提供了理论依据和应对策略。本研究运用调查法，采用心理健康诊断测验(MHT)对西安市646名高年级(4～6年级)小学生进行测量，并采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、情感平衡量表(PANAS)和生活满意度量表(SWLS)对这些学生的父母和老师进行了测量，考察了西安市高年级小学生心理健康状况及其与父母、教师心理健康的关系，探讨了父母、教师心理健康因素对高年级小学生心理健康的影响作用，得出以下结论： 1、大部分西安市高年级小学生心理健康状况良好，但也有少部分学生存在一定的心理问题，存在问题较多的方面是学习焦虑。 2、高年级小学生心理健康在性别差异方面，除孤独倾向和恐怖倾向两个因子外，其他因子和总分无性别差异；在年级差异上，五年级学生心理健康水平优于六年级学生。 3、高年级小学生父母心理健康存在性别差异，父亲的心理健康水平高于母亲。 4、高年级小学生心理健康与父母心理健康密切相关。父亲的强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、精神病性、SCL-90总均分与小学生心理健康总分存在显著正相关，生活满意度与之显著负相关。母亲的躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性、SCL-90总均分、消极情感与小学生心理健康总分存在显著正相关。 5、西安市高年级小学教师心理健康水平与全国常模相比差异显著，教师心理健康水平低于全国常模。 6、高年级小学生心理健康与教师心理健康密切相关。教师的躯体化、抑郁、敌对、偏执、SCL-90总均分与小学生心理健康总分存在显著正相关。 7、父亲的抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、SCL-90总均分，母亲的焦虑、敌对、精神病性、人际关系敏感，教师的强迫、躯体化、生活满意度、消极情感对高年级小学生心理健康有显著预测作用。据此结果，本研究就如何更好地促进小学生心理的健康发展提出了四方面建议： 1、父母应该加强自身教育，提高修养，完善性格，应该尊重孩子的基本权利和心理需要，树立科学的教育观念，掌握正确的教育方法，从根本上关心孩子的健康成长。 2、教师应该不断学习，提高自身的心理保健能力，与学生建立平等、尊重、理解的关系，积极成为学生心理健康发展的支持者、引导者和促进者。 3、学校要在为学生营造良好心理环境的同时，重视对家长和教师进行心理健康方面的教育和辅导，采取多种方式提高家长和教师的心理健康水平。 4、社会要加强心理健康宣传，提高父母的教育能力，关注教师的生存状态，，加强师范生和在职教师的心理素质建设，为学生的健康成长创造良好环境。
[Abstract]:The pupils' mental health education and research, is currently a hot issue in education circles. To strengthen mental health education in primary school, promote the development of pupils' mental health, has formed a consensus. Many researchers on the status of pupils' mental health and how to improve the effectiveness of mental health education has done a lot of useful research and achieved some valuable results, but the angle is limited, is not comprehensive in content system, especially for parents of teachers' mental health and mental health of the students is still not enough. In fact, parents and teachers are important in the process of generating another primary school, the level of mental health of pupils can not be ignored. Therefore, the study of Xi'an City pupils and their parents, teachers' mental health status of parents, teachers, mental health of pupils' mental health effects, for It provides theoretical basis and coping strategies to improve school mental health education and improve the mental health level of primary school students.
This research uses the survey method, using the mental health test (MHT) in Xi'an City, the 646 high grade (4 to 6 grade pupils) were measured, and using the symptom checklist (SCL-90), affect balance scale (PANAS) and life satisfaction scale (SWLS) of the students parents and teachers. Measured, examined the mental health of higher grade primary students in Xi'an city and its relation with parents, psychological health of teachers, to parents, teachers' psychological health factors on mental health of the students influence, draw the following conclusions:
1, most of the senior pupils in Xi'an are in good mental health, but a few of them have some psychological problems.
2, in terms of gender differences in mental health of senior pupils, there are no gender differences except for the two factors of loneliness tendency and terror tendency. In terms of grade differences, the mental health level of five grade students is better than that of six grade students.
3, there are gender differences in the mental health of the parents in the senior grade, and the mental health of the father is higher than that of the mother.
4, high grade pupils' mental health and mental health of parents of obsessive-compulsive symptoms are closely related. Father, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, psychoticism, was positively related to total scores of SCL-90 total score and mental health of pupils, life satisfaction and negatively related to somatization. Mother, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, interpersonal relationship sensitive, depression, anxiety, hostility, terror and psychosis, the total scores of SCL-90, there was a significant positive correlation with negative emotion of pupils' mental health scores.
5, the level of mental health of primary school teachers in Xi'an is significantly different from that of the national norm, and the level of teachers' mental health is lower than that of the national norm.
6, mental health of senior pupils is closely related to teachers' mental health. Teachers' somatization, depression, hostility, paranoia, SCL-90 total score are positively correlated with mental health total score of primary school pupils.
7, father's depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, SCL-90 total score, mother's anxiety, hostility, psychosis, interpersonal sensitivity, teacher's compulsion, somatization, life satisfaction and negative affect have a significant predictive effect on mental health of senior pupils.
According to the results, this study puts forward four suggestions on how to promote the healthy development of primary school students.
1, parents should strengthen their education, improve their accomplishment and improve their character. They should respect their children's basic rights and psychological needs, establish scientific educational concepts, master correct educational methods, and fundamentally care about their healthy growth.
2, teachers should continue to learn, improve their mental health ability, establish equality, respect and understanding relationship with students, and actively become supporters, guides and promoters of mental health development of students.
3, schools should create a good mental environment for students while emphasizing the mental health education and guidance for parents and teachers, and improve mental health of parents and teachers in a variety of ways.
4, the society should strengthen mental health propaganda, improve the educational ability of parents, pay attention to the survival state of teachers, strengthen the psychological quality construction of normal students and in-service teachers, and create a good environment for the healthy growth of students.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G441

【引证文献】