台湾光复初期教育转型研究（1945-1949）

发布时间：2018-06-28 02:10

本文选题：台湾 + 光复初期　；参考：《福建师范大学》2007年博士论文

【摘要】： 中国人民取得抗日战争的最终胜利后，台湾回归祖国，由日本殖民地变成国民党统治区的一个实行特殊集权体制的省份，再次与祖国大陆融合在一起，开启了台湾社会的全面转型。由于蒋介石及国民党政府悍然发动内战，中国又进入了一个政局动荡、社会急剧变化时期，台湾人民在欢天喜地迎回归后很快就对国民党封建独裁统治产生了不满与失望，官民矛盾日益激化，爆发了反抗国民党统治的“二二八”事件。国民党当局在残酷镇压后，对台湾社会实行更加严格的控制。失民心者失天下，国民党在大陆的彻底失败，使得台湾又变成了国民党逃亡基地。在这一特定的政治动荡、社会转型背景下，台湾光复初期教育处于一个与其他省份有明显不同特点的全面转型时期。这是中华民国教育史中不可忽视的一个组成部分，是台湾教育发展史上不可忽略的一个转折阶段。然而，这一时期台湾教育历史的研究长期被忽视和忽略，近年来虽得到一定的重视，但还是缺乏深入系统研究。台湾光复后，主权更迭，国民党当局接管了各级教育机构和各级各类学校，依据其统治意志确定了新的教育宗旨，确定了建立符合国民政府法律规定的教育制度及具体过渡办法，从而开启了由日本殖民地教育向国民党统治区教育转型的进程。在这一时期，教育宗旨的确立与实施，教育制度的过渡与落实，教师队伍的结构调整与素质提升，教育语言文字及教育内容的转换与统一，在强权控制下，总体上得到了明显地推进，实现了与国民党统治区教育的融合，为国民党败退台湾后的生存与发展打了一定的基础。但是，这一转型进程深受日本长达半个世纪殖民统治的影响，又是在国民党控制程度不断提高、政治生态严重失衡、经济凋弊的情况下进行的，而且时间短暂，因此，出现了许多冲突与扭曲，，具有明显的历史局限性。台湾光复初期教育转型，本质上是一个在“国民党化”核心主导下的“祖国化”转型进程。以正确的历史观深刻认识台湾光复初期教育转型，不仅可以丰富对教育转型的理论认识，更重要的是可以为两岸在重新分离半个多世纪后，增进相互理解，力求促进两岸和平统一提供有益的启示。
[Abstract]:After the Chinese people achieved the final victory of the war of resistance against Japan, Taiwan returned to the motherland, from the Japanese colonies to a province in the Kuomintang ruling area, which was integrated with the mainland and opened the comprehensive transformation of the Taiwan society. Since Jiang Jieshi and the Kuomintang government launched a civil war, China entered the country again. In a period of political upheaval and rapid social change, the people of Taiwan were quickly dissatisfied and disappointed after the reign of the Kuomintang's feudal dictatorship. The contradictions between the officials and the people were increasingly intensifying and the "228" incident against the rule of the Kuomintang broke out. After the brutal suppression of the Kuomintang authorities, the Kuomintang authorities were more stringent on the society of Taiwan. In this particular political unrest and social transformation, the education of Taiwan in the early period of the period of social transformation is in a period of comprehensive transformation of a distinct characteristic with other provinces. This is not to be ignored in the history of the education of the Republic of China in the history of the Republic of China in the history of education of the Republic of China. One of the components of the education development in Taiwan is a turning point that can not be ignored in the history of education and development. However, the study of the history of education in Taiwan has been neglected and neglected in this period. In recent years, although some attention has been paid to it, there is still a lack of deep and systematic research.
After the restoration of Taiwan and the change of sovereignty, the Kuomintang authorities took over the educational institutions at all levels and all kinds of schools at all levels. According to their ruling will, the new educational purpose was determined, the education system and specific transitional measures were established to conform to the laws of the national government, and the transformation of education from Japanese colonial education to the Kuomintang ruled area was opened. In this period, the establishment and implementation of the aim of education, the transition and implementation of the educational system, the structural adjustment and quality improvement of the teachers' team, the transformation and unification of the language and content of education, under the control of the power of strong power, have been greatly promoted, realized the integration with the education of the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang's retreat. The survival and development of Taiwan has been based on a certain degree. However, this transformation process is deeply influenced by Japan's colonial rule for half a century, and it has been carried out under the circumstances of the continuous improvement of the control degree of the Kuomintang, the serious imbalance of the political ecology, and the short time of the economy. Therefore, there are many conflicts and distortions, which are obvious. The educational transformation in the early period of Taiwan's revival is essentially a "nationalist" transformation process under the core of "Kuomintang". It is not only to enrich the theoretical understanding of the transformation of the education in the early period of the rehabilitation of Taiwan, but also to separate the half of the two sides from the two sides. Many centuries later, we should enhance mutual understanding and strive to promote the peaceful reunification of the two sides.
【学位授予单位】：福建师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：G529

【引证文献】