农林领域拔尖创新人才成长规律与本科教育改革研究

发布时间：2018-05-13 23:28

本文选题：农林领域 + 拔尖创新人才　；参考：《华中农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：人才是现在及未来国家竞争的关键资源,农林领域作为我国战略发展的重点领域,对专业人才尤其是拔尖创新人才的需求日益迫切。但现实中,我国高等农林院校在本科阶段人才培养中的一些问题,造成该领域拔尖创新人才后备资源的不足,拔尖创新人才培养遇到阻碍。因而,归纳拔尖创新人才成长规律并将其中的可操作性经验应用到本科人才培养环节,会更利于农林领域优秀人才的成长。基于上述研究背景,本研究在国内外相关文献资料为理论指导的基础上,首先对农林领域、拔尖创新人才、成长规律以及本科教育改革等四个方面进行了概念界定,将拔尖创新人才定义为层次较高、数量较少,综合素质较高,具有创新精神与创新能力,是行业领域的标杆人物,他们有较强的责任感,能够带领团队为社会发展、国家富强、人类进步做出巨大贡献,具有国内甚至国际影响的领军人物。并认定他们的成长规律存在一定的共性与普适性,对本科人才培养有较强的指导意义。其次,为明确拔尖创新人才基本特征,本文研究40位涉农领域国家院士的成长历程,归纳其成才过程中的主要内外部影响因素,即家庭环境因素、教育背景因素、科研环境因素、年龄因素、智力因素与非智力因素等六类。据此揭示出四类拔尖创新人才成长规律,为后文本科人才培养改革提出更具针对性的建言建议。第三,本文以华农农业大学为例,以问卷调查形式了解农林专业本科生人才培养现状,发现学校存在着教学管理过严、个性化管理不足,学生生活管理认可度较低,学科与课程安排不尽合理,教学方法灵活性较差等问题。本研究认为,学生专业选择受家庭环境影响较大;兴趣是影响人才发展方向的重要因素。而当前我国农林领域拔尖创新人才成长历程与成长规律将成为解决人才培养问题的重要借鉴。为了进一步反思我国农林高校本科人才培养过程中的问题,本文通过对比美国康奈尔大学、伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校等美国著名高校农林领域本科人才培养特点,围绕学生服务、课程体系建设、教师教学方法等方面总结人才培养实践经验,为我国农林领域本科人才培养改革提供借鉴参考。最后,本研究从教育行政部门、高等农林院校、高等农林院校教师和高等农林院校学生层面对我国农林领域本科教育改革以及拔尖创新人才培养提出了对策建议。
[Abstract]:Talent is the key resource of national competition now and in the future. As the key area of our country's strategic development, the demand for professional talents, especially the top innovative talents, is increasingly urgent. However, in reality, some problems in undergraduate talent training in agricultural and forestry colleges and universities in our country have resulted in the shortage of reserve resources for top-notch innovative talents in this field and the obstacles encountered in the cultivation of top-notch innovative talents. Therefore, it is more beneficial to the growth of outstanding talents in the field of agriculture and forestry to sum up the growth rules of top innovative talents and apply the operational experience to the cultivation of undergraduate talents. Based on the above research background, on the basis of the domestic and foreign relevant literature and materials as the theoretical guidance, this paper firstly defines the four aspects of agriculture and forestry field, the top innovative talents, the growth law and the undergraduate education reform. The top innovative talents are defined as high level, small quantity, high comprehensive quality, innovative spirit and ability, they are the leading figures in the field of industry, they have a strong sense of responsibility, they can lead the team for the social development, and the country is rich and strong. Human progress has made great contributions, with domestic and even international influence of the leader. It is concluded that their growth law has certain commonness and universality, which has a strong guiding significance for the cultivation of undergraduate talents. Secondly, in order to clarify the basic characteristics of top-notch innovative talents, this paper studies the growth process of 40 national academicians in the field of agriculture, and summarizes the main internal and external factors, namely, family environmental factors, educational background factors. There are six categories of environmental factors, age factors, intelligence factors and non-intelligence factors. Based on this, the author reveals the growth law of four kinds of outstanding innovative talents, and puts forward some suggestions and suggestions for the later undergraduate talents cultivation and reform. Thirdly, this paper takes Huannong Agricultural University as an example to investigate the present situation of cultivating undergraduate students in agriculture and forestry by questionnaire, and finds out that there are too strict teaching management, insufficient individualized management and low acceptance of students' life management. Subject and curriculum arrangement is unreasonable, teaching method is not flexible and so on. This study holds that students' professional choice is greatly influenced by family environment and interest is an important factor affecting the development direction of talents. At present, the development course and law of innovative talents in the field of agriculture and forestry will become an important reference to solve the problem of talent training. In order to further reflect on the problems in the process of undergraduate talents training in agricultural and forestry universities in China, this paper compares the characteristics of undergraduate talents training in the fields of agriculture and forestry in famous American universities, such as Cornell University, Urbana-Champaign University of Illinois, etc. The practical experience of talent training is summarized in the aspects of student service, curriculum system construction, teaching methods and so on, which provides reference for the reform of undergraduate talents training in agriculture and forestry field in China. Finally, from the educational administrative department, teachers of higher agricultural and forestry colleges and students of higher agricultural and forestry colleges, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the reform of undergraduate education in the field of agriculture and forestry and the cultivation of top-notch and innovative talents in China.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G642.0

【相似文献】