大学生创业支持系统研究—从政府行政角度探讨

发布时间：2018-05-24 12:43

本文选题：大学生创业 + 政府政策　；参考：《复旦大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：“大学生创业”是当今一大热点问题,得到政府、高校及社会的广泛关注。胡锦涛同志在十七大报告中强调要实施“以创业带动就业”的战略,“积极做好高校毕业生的就业工作”。大学生创业不仅是高校毕业生的一种择业方式,而且作为一种“高成长性创业”对于实现科技进步带动经济增长具有重要推动作用。政府制定科学合理的政策扶持大学生创业对解决大学生“就业难”问题、维护社会稳定、提高国家自主创新能力,建设创新型国家、构建和谐社会具有重要意义。本文回顾和分析了国内外学者的相关研究成果,分别从科学发展观理论、新公共服务理论和市场失灵理论三个角度阐述我国政府扶持大学生创业的必要性和重要性。文章重点从我国整体创业环境现状、大学生创业环境、大学生创业认同性,以及大学生创业政策环境四个方面全面深入分析国内大学生创业所面临的环境现状及存在的问题,在此基础上探索和设计出“一个中心、两大体系、三个支撑”的大学生创业宏观政策模型,即大学生创业政策应以优化大学生创业环境、减少大学生创业障碍、促进大学生创业为核心目标,围绕这一目标建立以高校创业教育为主的大学生创业教育政策体系,构建政府协调、高校和社会共同参与的大学生创业服务组织结构体系,同时建立创业资本市场运作机制、大学生创业教育支撑体系和高校科技成果转化机制三方面支撑。本文选取上海市大学生科技创业基金作为案例对政策设计作进一步的论证、阐述和说明,并从政策生态视角提出对策与建议,大学生创业政策要服务于全民创业的发展,同时注重与中小企业政策相协调和衔接。
[Abstract]:College students'Entrepreneurship is a hot issue, which has received extensive attention from the government, universities and society. Comrade Hu Jintao stressed in the report of the 17th National Congress that the strategy of "promoting employment by starting a business" and "actively doing the employment work of college graduates" should be carried out. College students' entrepreneurship is not only a way for college graduates to choose a job, but also a kind of "high growth entrepreneurship", which plays an important role in promoting economic growth through scientific and technological progress. It is of great significance for the government to formulate scientific and reasonable policies to support university students to start a business, to solve the problem of "difficult employment" for college students, to maintain social stability, to improve the national independent innovation ability, to build an innovative country and to build a harmonious society. This paper reviews and analyzes the relevant research achievements of domestic and foreign scholars, and expounds the necessity and importance of our government supporting college students' entrepreneurship from three angles: the theory of scientific development view, the theory of new public service and the theory of market failure. This paper focuses on the overall entrepreneurial environment of our country, the entrepreneurial environment of college students, the entrepreneurial identity of college students, as well as the entrepreneurial policy environment of college students to analyze the environmental situation and existing problems faced by domestic college students' entrepreneurship. On this basis, this paper explores and designs a macro policy model of "one center, two systems and three supports" for college students' entrepreneurship, that is, college students' entrepreneurship policy should optimize the entrepreneurial environment of college students and reduce the obstacles to college students' entrepreneurship. The core goal of promoting college students' entrepreneurship is to set up a policy system of entrepreneurship education for college students, and to construct an organizational system of entrepreneurial service for college students, which is coordinated by the government and participated by universities and the society. At the same time, it establishes the operation mechanism of venture capital market, the supporting system of entrepreneurship education for college students and the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities. This paper selects Shanghai University Student Science and Technology Entrepreneurship Fund as a case to further demonstrate and explain the policy design, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from the perspective of policy ecology, which should serve the development of entrepreneurship for all. At the same time, pay attention to the policy coordination and convergence with small and medium enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G647.38

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