护理本科生职业认同与职业决策自我效能的关系

发布时间：2018-05-26 16:46

本文选题：护理本科生 + 职业认同　；参考：《新乡医学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：背景职业认同作为现代护理人才素质培养的重要组成部分,已成为护理领域中一个独立的研究主题,然而目前国内对护生职业认同的研究显示,护理本科生职业认同得分低于其他学历护生。护理本科生对护理缺乏认同感,势必会影响其对护理的认知和看法,影响其就业后的工作表现,进而影响护理学科的发展。London的职业动机理论指出,个体的职业决策可影响职业认同,而影响职业决策的核心因素之一即是职业决策自我效能。目的本研究采用问卷调查法及访谈法了解护理本科生的职业认同和职业决策自我效能现状及影响因素,并探讨二者之间的关系,以期为提升护生的职业认同提供参考。方法1.问卷调查法。采用分层便利抽样法选取420名护理本科生为研究对象进行问卷调查。研究工具包括三部分：①一般资料问卷：用于调查护理本科生的一般资料；②护生职业认同问卷：由郝玉芳编制,用于调查护理本科生的职业认同程度；③大学生职业决策自我效能量表：由彭永新、龙立荣修订,用于测定护理本科生的职业决策自我效能水平。数据统计分析采用SPSS19.0统计软件,具体统计方法包括描述性统计分析、t检验、方差分析、相关分析和回归分析。2.访谈法。采用目的抽样法,选取12名四年级护理本科生进行了深入访谈,运用内容分析法对资料进行分析。结果1.问卷调查结果(1)护理本科生职业认同处于中等水平,护生的职业认同总均分为(3.33±0.58),其中社会说服维度得分最高(3.69±0.87),留职获益与离职风险维度得分最低(3.07±0.76)；不同性别、学科背景、家庭居住地、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、月消费、有无兼职经历的护生在职业认同总分上差异有统计学意义(P0.05),男生、理科护生、农村护生、父母亲文化程度为小学及以下的护生、月消费≤300元的护生、无兼职经历护生职业认同得分最低。(2)护理本科生的职业决策自我效能处于中等水平,护生的职业决策自我效能总均分为(3.43±0.63),其中收集信息维度得分最高(3.56+0.66),问题解决维度得分最低(3.32±0.74)；不同性别、月消费、是否独生子女和有无兼职经历的护生在职业决策自我效能总分上差异有统计学意义(P0.05),女生、月消费-≤300元的护生、非独生子女护生、无兼职经历护生职业决策自我效能得分最低。(3)护理本科生的职业认同总分及各维度得分与职业决策自我效能总分及各维度得分均呈显著正相关(P0.01),逐步回归分析显示,职业决策自我效能中的制定规划、问题解决、自我评价三个变量共可解释职业认同42.5%的变异量。2.访谈结果(1)护理本科生的职业认同是在学校教育和临床实习中形成和发展的,主要表现在对护士角色的认知、对职业特性的认知、对临床工作环境的认知、对职业情感的认知、对职业价值的认知五个方面。(2)护理本科生的职业认同发展过程分为冲突型、调试型和发展型三种类型。冲突型认同的护生制定规划和问题解决能力不足；调试型认同的护生在选择护理时即做出了职业承诺,较少进行职业探索；发展型认同的护生面对困境时更关注积极因素,注重提升自己的能力。结论护理本科生的职业认同与职业决策自我效能呈正相关关系,护生的职业决策自我效能感越强,职业认同程度越高。护理本科生的职业认同和职业决策自我效能仍有待加强,护理教育者可通过整合学校教育和临床实习,通过提高护生的制定规划和问题解决能力来提升护生的职业认同。
[Abstract]:As an important part of the quality training of modern nursing talents, background professional identity has become an independent research topic in the field of nursing. However, the research on professional identity of nursing students in China shows that the score of professional identity of nursing undergraduates is lower than that of other nursing students. The cognition and view of nursing, influencing the job performance after employment, and then influencing the development of the.London of the nursing discipline, the theory of Occupational Motivation indicates that individual career decision can affect the professional identity, and one of the core factors that affect the career decision is the self-efficacy of occupational decision making. The status and influencing factors of professional identity and career decision-making self-efficacy of nursing undergraduates were solved, and the relationship between the two was discussed in order to provide reference for improving the professional identity of nursing students. Method 1. questionnaire survey method was used. 420 nursing undergraduates were selected by stratified convenient sampling method to conduct a questionnaire survey. The research tools included three departments. Scores: (1) general data questionnaire: general data used to investigate nursing undergraduate students; (2) nursing students' occupational identification questionnaire: compiled by Hao Yu Fang to investigate the degree of professional identity of nursing undergraduates; (3) the scale of self-efficacy of College Students' occupational decision making: revised by Peng Yongxin and Long Lirong to determine the professional decision-making self of undergraduate nursing students The data statistical analysis uses the SPSS19.0 statistical software. The specific statistical methods include descriptive statistical analysis, t test, ANOVA analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis.2. interview. The purpose sampling method is used to select 12 grade four nursing undergraduates and analyze the data by content analysis. The results are 1. questions. The results of the survey were (1) the professional identity of the nursing undergraduates was at the middle level, and the total score of professional identity of the nursing students was (3.33 + 0.58), of which the score of the social persuasion was the highest (3.69 + 0.87), the lowest score (3.07 + 0.76) of the retention and retention risk dimension (3.07 + 0.76); the different sex, the subject background, the home residence, the father's education degree, the mother's educational level, Monthly consumption, the nursing students with or without part-time experience have statistical significance (P0.05). Boys, science nursing students, rural nursing students, parents' parents' education level is primary and below, the monthly consumption is less than 300 yuan, and there is no part-time experience in nursing students' professional identification score. (2) the occupational decision-making self-efficacy place of nursing undergraduate students. At the middle level, the total score of occupational decision-making self-efficacy of nursing students was (3.43 + 0.63), of which the score of information dimension was the highest (3.56+0.66), and the score of problem solving was the lowest (3.32 + 0.74). P0.05), girls, the monthly consumption - less than 300 yuan of nursing students, non one-child nursing students, no part-time experience of nursing students' career decision-making self-efficacy score is the lowest. (3) the total score of professional identity of nursing undergraduates and the scores of all dimensions are positively correlated with the score of occupational decision-making self-efficacy and the scores of all dimensions (P0.01). Stepwise regression analysis shows that career decision-making The three variables in self-efficacy, including planning, problem solving and self evaluation, can explain the variation of occupational identity 42.5% in.2. interview results (1) the professional identity of nursing undergraduates is formed and developed in school education and clinical practice, mainly in the cognition of the role of nurses, the cognition of professional characteristics, and the clinical working environment. Cognition, cognition of professional emotion and cognition of professional value are five aspects. (2) the process of professional identity development of nursing undergraduates is divided into three types: conflict type, debug type and development type. The nursing students with conflict identification are not able to formulate planning and problem solving ability; and the students who have identified the same students make a career commitment when choosing nursing. In the face of difficulties, the nursing students with developmental identity pay more attention to the positive factors and improve their ability. Conclusion the professional identity of the undergraduate nursing undergraduates is positively related to the self-efficacy of professional decision-making, the more self-efficacy of the nursing students and the higher degree of vocational identification. The self-efficacy of professional decision-making still needs to be strengthened. The nursing educators can improve the professional identity of the nursing students through the integration of school education and clinical practice, by improving the planning and problem solving ability of the nursing students.
【学位授予单位】：新乡医学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：R47-4;G645

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