环境支持对大学生自我效能感的影响作用研究

发布时间：2018-05-27 03:34

本文选题：环境支持 + 大学生　；参考：《西安电子科技大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国高等教育的普及，，就业压力的不断增大，社会主义市场经济的飞速发展，现代信息化技术的不断进步，这些因素都为当代大学生带来了新的成长契机，同时也为大学生的教育带来了更多挑战。一些学生因为成长环境中存在不当的教育方式，影响其产生错误的自我认知和自我评价，造成自我效能感水平低下，出现目标设定水平与自身情况不符、努力程度不足、坚持力较差、自我监控能力下降、求助行为缺失、存在心理障碍等问题。甚至因为自我效能感的影响，不能正确面对外界环境中存在的各种压力而走向极端，发生一些不该出现的悲剧。这些现象的产生，对当代大学生自我效能感的培养提出了新的要求。家庭、学校和学生个体需要重视自我效能感在个人成长发展中的重要地位，需要明确通过环境支持中不同方面的影响因素，对自我效能感的培养作用。认真地、科学地对大学生自我效能感培养问题开展研究，引导大学生有效接受来自家庭、同伴、学校和实践活动的支持作用，有助于提升大学生个体的自我效能感水平，帮助大学生健康成长。本文以西安电子科技大学、陕西师范大学、西北大学和西安建筑科技大学等，西安地区四所高校，共计744名在校本科学生的抽样调查结果，以及对部分被测学生进行深入访谈材料的整理和分析为基础，对大学生的自我效能感水平、环境支持现状等问题进行了调查和分析。发现大学生自我效能感整体现状处在中等偏上的水平，环境支持中，同伴支持和实践活动支持与大学生自我效能感呈显著正相关，家庭环境中男女生获得支持的水平存在较大差异，学校支持环境表现出诸多的不足，其中情感支持和教师教学效能等方面的问题表现较为突出。本文针对当代大学生自我效能感现状水平和学生个体环境支持现状的特点，在借鉴国外成熟的自我效能感培养教育经验的基础上，提出加强环境支持对大学生自我效能感培养的建议和措施：提出完善家庭支持的连续性；健全学校支持系统；提升高校心理咨询技术；建立适当奖惩机制；以及拓展实践活动参与渠道，为大学生搭建实践平台等相应举措。本文是从当代大学生环境支持对个体自我效能感影响作用的视角，探究家庭、同伴、学校和实践活动支持环境，对个体自我效能感的影响程度和培养教育方法。目的是以当代大学生的立场来思考，通过环境支持对大学生自我效能感培养的问题，尽量避免因不适合当代大学生成长环境，而引起对教育效果的削减，探索适合当代大学生自我效能感培养的教育理念。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of higher education in China, the increasing pressure of employment, the rapid development of socialist market economy and the continuous progress of modern information technology, these factors have brought new opportunities for the growth of contemporary college students. At the same time, it also brings more challenges to the education of college students. Because of the improper educational way in the growing up environment, some students have the wrong self-cognition and self-evaluation, so the self-efficacy level is low, the goal setting level does not accord with their own situation, and the level of effort is insufficient. Poor persistence, low self-monitoring ability, lack of help-seeking behavior, psychological disorders and so on. Even because of the influence of self-efficacy, it can not face all kinds of pressures existing in the external environment and go to the extreme, and some tragedies should not occur. The emergence of these phenomena puts forward new requirements for the cultivation of college students'sense of self-efficacy. Families, schools and students need to pay attention to the importance of self-efficacy in the development of personal growth and need to clarify the role of self-efficacy through different factors in environmental support. Conscientiously and scientifically, the research on the cultivation of college students' self-efficacy can lead them to accept the support function from family, peers, schools and practical activities effectively, which will help to improve the level of self-efficacy of college students. To help college students grow up healthily. Based on the results of a sample survey of 744 undergraduate students from four universities in Xi'an, Xi'an University of Electronic Science and Technology, Shaanxi normal University, Northwest University and Xi'an University of Architectural Science and Technology, Based on the analysis and arrangement of some students' interview materials, this paper investigates and analyzes the level of self-efficacy and the current situation of environmental support of college students. It was found that the overall status of college students' self-efficacy was at the middle level, and that peer support and practical activity support were positively correlated with college students' self-efficacy. There are great differences in the level of support between male and female students in the family environment, and there are many deficiencies in the school support environment, among which the problems of emotional support and teachers' teaching effectiveness are more prominent. This paper aims at the characteristics of the current level of college students' self-efficacy and the current situation of students' individual environmental support, on the basis of drawing lessons from the foreign mature self-efficacy education experience. Some suggestions and measures are put forward to strengthen the cultivation of college students' sense of self-efficacy: to improve the continuity of family support, to improve the school support system, to improve the psychological counseling technology of colleges and universities, to establish appropriate reward and punishment mechanism; And expand the channels of participation in practical activities, for college students to build practice platform and other corresponding measures. From the perspective of the influence of contemporary college students' environmental support on individual self-efficacy, this paper explores the influence of family, peer, school and practical activity support environment, the degree of influence on individual self-efficacy and the training of educational methods. The purpose of this paper is to think from the standpoint of contemporary college students, to support the cultivation of college students' sense of self-efficacy through environmental support, and to avoid the reduction of educational effects because it is not suitable for the growth environment of contemporary college students. To explore the educational concept suitable for the cultivation of self-efficacy of contemporary college students.
【学位授予单位】：西安电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G641

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