论高等学校问责制的实施

发布时间：2017-12-26 20:02

本文关键词：论高等学校问责制的实施　出处：《山西大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：上个世纪九十年代以后,我国政府通过不断地扩大招生来加速高等教育的改革,使我国高等教育取得了很大的进步。随着经济的快速发展,高等教育也面临着巨大的压力,高等教育如何在保证自身发展的前提下满足各方面的社会需求,如何在规模扩大的同时保障高等教育质量就成为了一个值得思考的问题。高等学校作为高等教育的实施机构,必然承担着越来越大的生存与发展的责任。因此,高校必须适应外部环境,通过履行解释说明责任的义务来积极应对来自政府、社会公众、学生以及家长的问责。本文以我国高等学校问责制度为研究对象,对影响高校问责制实施的因素、如何实施高校问责制、如何保障高校问责制实施进行研究,目的是完善我国高校问责制的相关理论。对高等学校问责制的实施进行研究,有着理论与实践两方面的意义。从理论层面来说,能够丰富我国高等学校问责制的相关理论；从实践层面来说,可以在实践中拓展问责制的应用领域,有效地推进高校民主治校和依法治校的进程,为高等教育的发展和高等学校管理改革提供思路与建议。研究内容主要包括五个部分：第一,高等学校问责制的内涵与理论基础。这部分分析了问责制与高等学校问责制的内涵,探讨了高校问责制的理论基础——新公共服务理论与委托代理理论。第二,高等学校问责制实施的必要性与可行性。从高等学校权责对等、保障高校利益相关者权益、高校管理体制改革三个方面对高校问责制实施的必要性进行探讨。从高校自身的组织属性、实施的法律基础与实践基础三个方面对高校问责制实施的可行性进行了探讨。第三,影响高等学校问责制实施的因素。高等学校问责制在实施的过程中受到问责内容、问责程序、评价指标、公共政策目标、法律、高校内部管理结构、问责文化这几个因素的影响。第四,高等学校问责制的实施程序。根据问责主体不同可以把对高校的问责分为同体问责与异体问责,因此问责程序也不相同。同体问责的问责程序是问责启动、调查核实、复查审核、执行决定。异体问责的问责程序是问责启动、信息整理与呈现、介入与改进。第五,高等学校问责制的实施保障。因为高等学校问责制的建设是一种制度建设,基于新制度经济学的角度,可以从非正式规则、正式规则与实施机制三方面进行保障。从非正式规则方面来说,保障高校问责制的实施需要增强高校的责任意识、合理定位政府角色、尊重学术自由与高校自治传统；从正式规则方面来说,需要明确高等教育的政策目标、建立高校问责制的制度基础、建立教育信息发布系统；从实施机制方面来说,需要制定科学的评估标准、设置专门的实施机构、实现多元问责。
[Abstract]:After the 90s of last century, our government accelerated the reform of higher education through continuous expansion of enrollment, which made great progress in Higher Education in China. With the rapid development of economy, higher education is also facing tremendous pressure. How to ensure that higher education meets all aspects of social needs under the premise of guaranteeing its own development and how to guarantee the quality of higher education while expanding its scale has become a problem worthy of consideration. As an institution of higher education, colleges and universities are bound to bear more and more responsibility for survival and development. Therefore, colleges and universities must adapt themselves to the external environment and actively respond to accountability from the government, the public, students and parents by fulfilling their obligations to explain responsibilities. Taking the accountability system of universities in China as the research object, this paper studies the factors that influence the implementation of University accountability system, how to implement the accountability system in universities and how to guarantee the implementation of accountability system in Colleges and universities, so as to improve the related theories of accountability in Colleges and universities. The study of the implementation of accountability system in Colleges and universities has two meanings in theory and practice. From the aspect of theory, theory can enrich the accountability of higher schools in our country; in practice, you can expand the application field of the accountability system in practice, promoting democracy and the law of the process effectively, to provide ideas and suggestions for the development of higher education and higher education management reform. The research content mainly includes five parts: first, the connotation and theoretical basis of the accountability system in Colleges and universities. This part analyzes the connotation of accountability system and accountability system in Colleges and universities, and probes into the theoretical basis of accountability system in Colleges and Universities -- new public service theory and principal-agent theory. Second, the necessity and feasibility of the implementation of accountability system in Colleges and universities. The necessity of implementing the accountability system in Colleges and universities is discussed from three aspects: the equivalence of rights and responsibilities, the rights and interests of stakeholders, and the reform of university management system. This paper discusses the feasibility of the implementation of accountability system in Colleges and universities from three aspects of its own organizational attributes, the legal basis and the practical basis of the implementation. Third, the factors affecting the implementation of accountability system in Colleges and universities. The accountability system in Colleges and universities is influenced by accountability, accountability procedures, evaluation indicators, public policy objectives, laws, internal management structure and accountability culture. Fourth, the implementation procedure of accountability system in Colleges and universities. According to the different accountability subjects, the accountability of colleges and universities can be divided into the androgynous accountability and the allogeneic accountability, so the accountability procedures are also different. The process of accountability for accountability is the initiation of accountability, investigation and verification, review and review, and implementation decisions. The accountability procedures of allogeneic accountability are the initiation of accountability, the arrangement and presentation of information, the intervention and improvement. Fifth, the guarantee of the implementation of accountability system in Colleges and universities. Because the construction of accountability system in Colleges and universities is a system construction. Based on the perspective of new institutional economics, it can be guaranteed from three aspects, namely, informal rules, formal rules and implementation mechanisms. From the informal rules, guarantee the implementation of University accountability need strengthen the sense of responsibility, reasonable positioning of the role of government, respect for academic freedom and university autonomy tradition; from the formal rules, need to clear the higher education policy objectives, establishing the accountability system foundation, ask the establishment of education information system from the implementation mechanism; it needs to make scientific evaluation standards and implementation of specialized institutions, to achieve multiple accountability.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G647

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