“自主培育”还是“依赖引进”——中国人才战略的实践悖论

发布时间：2018-01-13 10:15

本文关键词：“自主培育”还是“依赖引进”——中国人才战略的实践悖论　出处：《北京师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2012年04期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：自主培育创新人才是国家创新体系建设的核心,是实现科技自主创新的前提与保障,拥有较高自主创新能力的国家必然拥有高声望且具吸引力的人才培养体系。我国目前的人才战略依然遵循"走出去,引进来"的路线,高水平科研人才主要依赖外部引进,甚至诱发了外国学位优于中国学位的社会认识,加剧了我国优秀人才大量流失和出国留学的日益低龄化现象,进一步弱化了中国高等教育培养创新人才的能力和声望。这就是所谓的科技自主创新与人才外部依赖之间的逻辑悖论。因此,必须正确认识到创新不仅是一种新思想、新产品,更是一种新文化:研究生(尤其是博士生)不仅是学生,是未来的研究者,更是现在的科学研究主力军:创新不仅仅是少数精英活动,更是世代累积的过程。在国际化背景下,人才流动不是互惠的,拥有高声望、高质量高等教育体系的发达国家成为最大受益国。为了避免从技术的外部依赖大国走向人才的外部依赖大国,实现人才大国到人才强国的转变,中国政府必须制定可持续的人才战略,选择多元化的政策工具,培育积极的学术文化环境,构建自信自主的高质量人才培养体系。
[Abstract]:Cultivating innovative talents independently is the core of the construction of national innovation system, and is the premise and guarantee to realize independent innovation in science and technology. Countries with higher independent innovation ability must have a highly prestigious and attractive talent training system. The current talent strategy of our country still follows the line of "go out, bring in". The high-level scientific research talents mainly rely on the external introduction, and even induce the social understanding that the foreign degree is superior to the Chinese degree, which exacerbates the phenomenon of the loss of the outstanding talents in our country and the increasingly younger age of studying abroad. It further weakens the ability and reputation of Chinese higher education to cultivate innovative talents. This is the logical paradox between the so-called independent innovation of science and technology and the external dependence of talents. We must correctly realize that innovation is not only a new idea, a new product, but also a new culture: graduate students (especially doctoral students) are not only students, but also future researchers. Is now the main force of scientific research: innovation is not only a small number of elite activities, but also a process of generation accumulation. In the context of internationalization, the flow of talent is not mutually beneficial, with high prestige. The developed countries with high quality higher education system have become the biggest beneficiary country. In order to avoid from the external dependence country of the technology to the external dependence country of the talent, the transformation from the talent big country to the talent powerful country can be realized. The Chinese government must formulate a sustainable talent strategy, choose diversified policy tools, foster a positive academic and cultural environment, and build a self-confident and high-quality talent training system.
【作者单位】：清华大学公共管理学院;北京师范大学比较教育研究中心;
【基金】：北京市教育科学“十二五”规划青年专项课题(CAA11008) 2008年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“科学发展观引领下的教育创新与创新型国家建设重大问题研究”(08&ZD002)
【分类号】：C964.2;G647
【正文快照】： 自主创新,人才优先,教育为本。从世界主要创新型国家的经验来看,自主培养优秀人才是国家创新体系建设的核心,是实现科技自主创新的前提。正是意识到这一点,一些传统的高等教育强国通过加强人才吸引战略,继续保持在培养高质量人才中的优势地位,而一些后发国家也通过改革教育体

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