《美国高等教育国际化》之国际竞争力培育思想研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 15:33

本文选题：国际化　切入点：竞争力　出处：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：美国教育委员于2000年发布的报告《美国高等教育国际化》,呈现美国高等教育国际化的概貌,其中隐含美国教育委员会对美国高等教育国际化的愿景,即美国高等教育国际化的主要目标应是培育具备国际竞争力的人才。报告内容展示美国高等教育国际化主要表现形态为高校国际教育。报告呈现高等教育国际化的十个方面,其发展状况反映高校国际教育情况,成为大学生国际竞争力培育的十个要素。十要素主要从横向(学问、知识的宽度、空间)和纵向(学问、知识的深度、时间)两个维度,对大学生国际竞争力培育发挥各自不可替代的作用,并因此分居内、中、外三层。内层包括“外语”、“留学”和“课程的国际化维度”,是大学生国际竞争力培育的手段。外语学习可以让学生获得通达国际社会的入场券,外语学习应以世界各国语言为对象,且以获得“语言竞争力”为目标；出国留学可以让学生获得跨地域的竞争力,留学选择的目标国家应呈多元化,所学专业应趋向多元化；国际课程学习可以让学生获得跨文化的竞争力,国际课程学习应是融入国际内容的课程的学习,融入的国际内容应来源于世界各国,覆盖各类高校的各门学科。中层包括“学历要求”、“国际意识”、“国际师生”,是大学生国际竞争力培育的条件。宽进严出的学术要求利于保障大学生外语和国际课程的学习质量；国际意识的具备利于大学生接受国际教育；国际师生利于学生不出国门就收获国际资源。外层包括“高等教育机构支持”、“联邦、州政府和基金支持”、“雇佣市场需求”以及“态度和经验数据”,是大学生国际竞争力培育的软环境。高等教育机构提供人力、财政和政策等全方位支持；联邦政府多个部门、州政府提供多种形式的财力支持,私人基金大力支持；还有雇佣市场需求的支持和社会的态度支持。进而言之,十个要素构成一个相关联的整体,内层各要素相互影响,中层促进内层发展,外层又是内、中两层发展的催化剂。大学生国际竞争力培育需要内、中、外三层次十个要素发挥各自应有的作用。各要素在学问、知识的深度、宽度、时间、空间四个维度上构成一个和谐有序的关联体,才最利于大学生国际竞争力培育。在大学生国际竞争力培育过程中,处处展现着美国高等教育国际化种多元化的鲜活景貌。
[Abstract]:The report "internationalization of higher Education in the United States", published by the US Education Commission on 2000, presents a general picture of the internationalization of American higher education, which implies the American Board of Education's vision for the internationalization of higher education in the United States. That is, the main goal of internationalization of American higher education should be to cultivate talents with international competitiveness. The contents of the report show that the internationalization of higher education in the United States is mainly manifested in the international education of colleges and universities. The report presents ten aspects of the internationalization of higher education, and its development reflects the situation of international education in colleges and universities. The ten elements are mainly from two dimensions: horizontal (knowledge, width of knowledge, space) and vertical (knowledge, depth of knowledge, time). To the cultivation of international competitiveness of college students play an irreplaceable role, and therefore separated, The inner layer includes "foreign language", "studying abroad" and "the internationalized dimension of the curriculum", which are the means to foster the international competitiveness of college students. Foreign language learning can enable students to gain access to the international community. Foreign language learning should be aimed at languages from all over the world and aim at gaining "language competitiveness". Studying abroad can enable students to gain cross-regional competitiveness, and the target countries for studying abroad should be diversified, and their majors should be diversified. International curriculum learning can enable students to gain cross-cultural competitiveness, international curriculum learning should be integrated into the international content of the curriculum, the integration of international content should come from countries around the world. It covers all kinds of subjects in colleges and universities. The middle level includes "academic requirements", "international consciousness" and "international teachers and students", which are the conditions for the cultivation of college students' international competitiveness. International awareness is conducive to international education for university students; international teachers and students benefit from harvesting international resources without leaving the country. Outer layers include "support for higher Education institutions", "Federation," State and Fund support, "Employment Market demand" and "attitude and experience data" are soft environments for college students to foster international competitiveness. Institutions of higher education provide comprehensive human, financial and policy support. State governments provide a variety of forms of financial support, and private funds provide strong support, as well as support from the employment market and social attitudes. In addition, the ten elements form an interconnected whole, and the inner elements interact with each other. The middle layer promotes the development of the inner layer, and the outer layer is the catalyst for the development of the inner and middle layers. The cultivation of college students' international competitiveness needs ten elements at the inner, middle and outer levels to play their due roles. Each element forms a harmonious and orderly related body in the four dimensions of knowledge, depth of knowledge, width, time and space. In the process of cultivating the international competitiveness of college students, the international diversification of American higher education can be seen everywhere.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.712

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