当前我国大学生失业保障制度问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 17:45

本文选题：大学生失业　切入点：失业保险　出处：《天津财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：就业问题是民生之根本,大学生就业问题已经成为影响我国社会稳定发展的重要问题之一。高等教育扩招政策实施后在2002年至2014年间,高校招生规模从145万人增加到727万人,大学生人数迅速增长,与此同时,大学生就业政策也开始实施市场化改革。这样的政策引导下,再加上我国经济增长速度放缓、劳动力市场供给总量持续增加和结构性矛盾突出三重压力,针对大学毕业生的有效用人需求呈下降趋势,大学生就业市场供需矛盾突出,大学生就业形势严峻。使得我国整体就业环境很不乐观。大学生失业问题不仅是总量上的供需矛盾,更是结构上的供需矛盾。大学生失业意味着国家、家庭对大学生的投资得不到回报,这势必会影响到对教育投资的积极性,也会影响到社会的稳定发展。所以对于大学生失业保障问题的研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。政府对于大学生就业问题给予高度重视,近几年出台一系列促进就业、鼓励创业的就业扶持政策,通过提高教学质量、改革教育体制、创造就业岗位、拓宽就业渠道等积极主动的失业治理政策来有效缓解大学生失业问题。但是市场经济条件下,失业问题是不可避免的,对这部分失业大学生,国家也出台了相应的救助政策,2006年《关于切实做好2006年普通高等学校毕业生就业工作的通知》,对高校毕业生因短期无法就业或就业后生活仍有困难的提供一定的救助,2013年国家对该项政策近一步完善。但该制度在实施过程中还存在着一些问题,例如：制度本身约束力较弱、制度宣传不到位、程序繁琐、保障效果不明显等问题。文章在对这些问题研究的基础上,提出完善建议,并且通过对失业保险和失业救助这两种制度的理念、实施条件、作用进行分析比较,结合我国的现行政策及现实国情,提出可行的制度选择。建议为失业大学生建立完善的失业救助制度,为失业大学生提供基本生活保障,促进就业,维护社会稳定。
[Abstract]:The employment problem is the foundation of people's livelihood, and the employment of college students has become one of the most important problems affecting the stable development of our society. From 2002 to 2014, the enrollment scale of higher education increased from 1.45 million to 7.27 million. The number of college students is growing rapidly. At the same time, the employment policy of college students has also begun to implement market-oriented reform. Under the guidance of such policies, the economic growth rate of our country has slowed down. The total amount of labor market supply continues to increase and the structural contradiction highlights the triple pressure. The demand for effective employment for college graduates is in a downward trend, and the contradiction between supply and demand in the employment market for college students is prominent. The employment situation of college students is grim. The overall employment environment of our country is not optimistic. The unemployment problem of college students is not only the contradiction of supply and demand in total quantity, but also the contradiction of supply and demand in structure. The unemployment of college students means the country. Family investment in college students is not rewarded, which will inevitably affect the enthusiasm of investment in education. It will also affect the stable development of society. Therefore, the study of unemployment security for college students has important theoretical and practical significance. The government attaches great importance to the employment of college students, and in recent years has introduced a series of promoting employment. Employment support policies to encourage entrepreneurship can effectively alleviate the unemployment problem of college students by improving the quality of teaching, reforming the educational system, creating jobs, broadening employment channels, and other proactive unemployment management policies. The unemployment problem is inevitable. For these unemployed college students, The state has also issued a corresponding rescue policy. In 2006, the Circular on the effective implementation of the Employment work of ordinary College graduates in 2006 provides a certain number of difficulties for college graduates who are unable to obtain employment in the short term or who still have difficulties in life after employment. Aid, the state improved the policy in 2013. But there are still some problems in the implementation of the system. For example: the system itself is weak, the system propaganda is not in place, the procedure is cumbersome, the safeguard effect is not obvious and so on. And through the analysis and comparison of the concepts, conditions and functions of the two systems, unemployment insurance and unemployment assistance, combined with the current policy and the actual situation of our country, It is suggested to establish a perfect unemployment assistance system for unemployed college students, to provide basic living security for unemployed college students, to promote employment and to maintain social stability.
【学位授予单位】：天津财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G647.38;F249.2

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