大学生公共事件微博参与及其人格特质的关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 08:54

本文选题：微博　切入点：人格特质　出处：《西南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：微博作为一种新型的社交媒体,凭借其传播迅速、信息简短、交互性强、操作便捷等优势,不仅仅只是一种基于用户关系的信息分享、传播的平台,更是成为人们社会公共参与、政治参与的重要渠道。随着微博的迅猛发展,众多公共事件首先在微博上爆发,随之受到公众的广泛关注和热议。微博已经成为了传播公共事件、引起公众讨论和公民参与的一支重要力量,不仅对社会生活产生了重大影响,有时甚至改变了事件的发展和走向、影响了政府的决策和行动。越来越多的民众通过微博平台获取公共事件的相关信息,并且在线上或线下参与公共事件。本研究以微博最庞大的用户群体——大学生,作为研究对象,对其在微博环境下的公共事件参与现状进行研究,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本研究从传播学和心理学的双重视角出发,采用文献研究和问卷调查相结合的研究方法,对微博环境下大学生的公共事件参与现状进行探究。通过对555位大学生微博用户的问卷调查为实证数据,重点考查大学生人格特质和公共事件参与意识、参与行为之间的关系,研究发现： (1)神经质和参与意识呈显著正相关；和参与行为无相关。 (2)外倾性和参与意识、参与行为均呈显著正相关。 (3)开放性和参与意识、参与行为均呈显著正相关。 (4)宜人性和参与意识、参与行为均无相关。 (5)尽责性和参与意识、参与行为均无相关。并且,通过对数据的回归分析发现：在公共事件参与意识上,神经质和外倾性对其有预测作用；在公共事件参与行为上,只有开放性对其有预测作用。研究还发现,大学生在微博上参与公共事件的特点表现为：第一,参与主体失衡：人口结构、人格特质失衡,存在“参与鸿沟”。第二,参与内容失衡：议题偏好明显。第三,参与行为失衡：高围观、低互动。此外,本研究还对实证研究的结果进行了讨论和总结,对大学生公共事件微博参与的现状进行了批判性反思：第一,微博参与的鸿沟：对微博公共性建构、协商民主的反思。第二,政治参与和政治沟通的断裂：高围观、低互动。第三,参与意识和参与行为的断裂：高意识、低行为。第四,微博参与的风险：舆论风险、政治风险。最后,本研究从高校思想政治教育、媒介素养教育、政府互联网治理和网民利用社交媒体进行公共事件参与等方面提出了建设性意见： (1)根据不同人格特质的大学生,针对性地进行心理健康教育,健全大学生的心理特质,引导大学生更理性的使用社交媒体。 (2)加强大学生媒介素养教育(包括公共事件参与动机、政治效能感、政治知识、政治思考力等方面内容的培养),提高大学生微博参政议政的理性化程度。 (3)规范公共事件微博参与的风险,加强微博的有效管理和疏导,规范网络意见领袖的媒介权力,加强微博的“自净化”功能,净化谣言,营造微博参政、议政的良好微博媒介生态。 (4)加快信息基础设施建设和微博平台的使用,缩小公民在微博上参与热点公共事件的“参与鸿沟”。 (5)构建微博等社交媒体的网络民意测量工具,科学的辨识和验证真实的网络民意。
[Abstract]:Micro-blog as a new social media, with its rapid spread, short information, interactive, convenient operation and other advantages, is not only a kind of relationship based on user information sharing, communication platform, is becoming an important channel for public participation, political participation. With the rapid development of micro-blog, many public events first in micro-blog, has attracted widespread attention and public hot. Micro-blog has become the dissemination of public events, causing an important force of public discussion and citizen participation, not only has a significant impact on the social life, and sometimes even change the development and trend of events, the impact of the government's decisions and actions more and more. The public access to relevant information and public events through the micro-blog platform, and online or offline to participate in public events. In this study, micro-blog's huge user base of University Students, as the research object, the research on the status quo of public events in micro-blog under the environment of its participation, has important theoretical significance and practical significance. This research from the angle of communication and psychology of adopting the research method of literature study and questionnaire, to explore the current situation of public events of College Students under the environment of micro-blog participate in. Through a questionnaire survey of 555 college students of micro-blog users for the empirical data to examine the students' personality consciousness and public participation in key events, the relationship between participation behavior, the study found:
(1) there is a significant positive correlation between neuroticism and participation consciousness, and there is no correlation with participation behavior.
(2) there is a significant positive correlation between extroversion and participation awareness and participation behavior.
(3) there is a significant positive correlation between openness and participation awareness and participation behavior.
(4) both agreeableness and participation consciousness and participation behavior were not related.
(5) conscientiousness and participation consciousness are not related to participation behavior. By regression analysis of data, it is found that neuroticism and extraversion play a predictive role in public participation consciousness. In public event participation, openness is predictive.
The study also found that the characteristics of college students to participate in public events in micro-blog is: first, in the main imbalance: population structure, personality imbalance, the existence of "participation gap". In second, the content of imbalance: item preference significantly. Third, participation imbalance: high confining view, low interaction.
In addition, the research results of empirical studies are discussed and summarized, the status quo of college students to participate in public events micro-blog makes a critical reflection: first, divide: the construction of micro-blog micro-blog in public, the reflection of deliberative democracy. Second, breaking the political participation and political communication: high crowd, low interaction. Third, participation consciousness and behavior of fracture: high awareness, low risk behavior. Fourth, micro-blog: the participation of public risk, political risk.
Finally, this study puts forward constructive suggestions from the aspects of Ideological and political education, media literacy education, government Internet Governance and social media participation in public events.
(1) according to the personality traits of college students, we should carry out mental health education, improve the psychological characteristics of college students, and guide them to use social media more rationally.
(2) strengthen the media literacy education of college students (including public events participation motivation, political efficacy, political knowledge, political thinking and other aspects of content training), so as to improve the rationality of micro-blog's participation in politics.
(3) standardize the risk of micro-blog's participation in public events, strengthen micro-blog's effective management and guidance, standardize the media power of network opinion leaders, strengthen micro-blog's "self purification" function, purify rumors, create micro-blog's media ecosystem of micro-blog's participation in politics and politics.
(4) to speed up the construction of information infrastructure and the use of the micro-blog platform to reduce the "participation gap" for citizens to participate in hot public events on micro-blog.
(5) build a network public opinion survey tool, such as micro-blog and other social media, to scientifically identify and verify real network public opinion.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G645.5;G206

【参考文献】