小科学与大科学关系视角下的美国科学

发布时间：2018-03-31 09:34

本文选题：小科学　切入点：大科学　出处：《科学学研究》2012年05期

【摘要】：在小科学与大科学关系的视角下,美国科学的社会建制是以小科学为基础、以大科学项目为核心的大科学建制,是经历长期演进、历史地形成的;科研模式具有"自主推动"、"主体多元、高校主导"等特点;能够根据情况的变化进行适当地调整。对现阶段的中国来说,在从传统向现代的赶超中,科学目标相对明确,应发挥"中国特色",大力发展大科学,发挥其带动、提升全局的功能;与此同时,在赶超途中,尤其在接近科学前沿之时,应着力培育并完善广泛的不同领域不同层次的小科学产生、发展的健康氛围,提升并扩展小科学的基础地位,为中国科学提供"涨落"、提供新的分岔点和增长点。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of the relationship between small science and great science, the social system of American science is based on small science and the core of large science projects, which has undergone a long evolution and has been formed historically. The scientific research model has the characteristics of "independent promotion", "pluralistic subject, and university leading", and can be adjusted appropriately according to the changes of the situation. For China at present, the scientific goal is relatively clear in the process of catching up with and surpassing from the traditional to the modern. We should give full play to "Chinese characteristics," vigorously develop big science, give play to its leading role and enhance the overall situation. At the same time, in catching up and surpassing, especially at a time when we are approaching the forefront of science, Efforts should be made to cultivate and improve the healthy atmosphere for the generation and development of small science in different fields and levels, to promote and expand the basic position of small science, to provide "fluctuation" for Chinese science, and to provide new bifurcation points and growth points.
【作者单位】：东南大学;蚌埠学院;
【基金】：东南大学重大科技引导基金(3213000101)
【分类号】：G644

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