以卓越工程师培养为导向改革物理实验教学的研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 09:03

本文选题：卓越工程师教育培养　切入点：物理实验教学　出处：《合肥工业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文综合论述了发达国家培养卓越工程师的成功经验和方法和物理实验教学的成功经验与方法,综合论述了国内物理实验教学的现状与改革。探讨了物理实验教学在卓越工程师培养过程中的地位与作用,指出物理实验教学是卓越工程师培养过程中的一个重要环节。针对卓越工程师的培养、物理实验教学现状、物理实验教学和卓越工程师培养的关系、以卓越工程师教育培养为导向的物理实验教学改革等问题进行了问卷调查。首先,发现一些存在的问题：相对于卓越工程师教育培养的需要,大学物理实验师资队伍专业结构上单一,缺乏工程技术知识和经验,科研创新能力有待进一步提高。师生对卓越工程师教育培养的认识程度不够,能够认识到以“挑战杯”为代表的各种大学生课外科技创新实践活动的重要性,但是参与的积极性和主动性亟待提高。其次,得到一些对教学改革有参考价值的师生的意见：把物理实验教学和学生课外科技创新实践活动相结合,把物理实验室建设成学生课外科技创新实践活动基地对卓越工程师的教育培养具有积极意义,并将受到师生的欢迎,开展物理实验双语教学有助于卓越工程师的教育培养,在教学中引入物理学原理在工程技术中的应用知识有助于卓越工程师的教育培养等。从发达国家的经验与做法、教育学和心理学的理论以及学校的政策措施出发论述了把物理实验教学和学生课外科技创新实践活动相结合的可行性和积极意义。并提出五条切实可行的方法：(1)结合物理实验课程的教学内容设立实验仪器的研制和改进项目；(2)把综合设计性实验和课外科技创新实践项目有机地结合起来；(3)把大学物理实验室建设成学生课外科技创新实践活动基地；(4)利用物理实验室的仪器设备组织学生开展产学研活动；(5)利用物理实验室开展学生科技竞赛活动。针对物理实验师资队伍的建设问题,提出切实可行的解决方案：建立一支长期的相对稳定的由青年博士组成的编外物理实验教师队伍,以满足卓越工程师教育培养的需要。对物理实验双语教学进行了深入研究,指出目前开展大学物理实验课程双语教学面临的问题及解决问题的切实可行的对策：组织翻译制作计算机多媒体双语教材等；建立“大学物理实验”双语教学网络平台；利用编外的具有博士学位的年青教师在卓越班开展双语教学的尝试等。研究工作为物理实验教学改革提供有价值的参考。
[Abstract]:This paper synthetically discusses the successful experience and method of cultivating outstanding engineers in developed countries and the successful experience and method of physics experiment teaching, and the present situation and reform of physics experiment teaching in China.This paper discusses the position and function of physics experiment teaching in the process of training outstanding engineers, and points out that physics experiment teaching is an important link in the process of training outstanding engineers.Aiming at the training of outstanding engineers, the present situation of physics experiment teaching, the relationship between physics experiment teaching and excellent engineer training, and the reform of physics experiment teaching oriented by excellent engineer education, a questionnaire survey was carried out.First of all, some problems are found: compared with the needs of the education and training of outstanding engineers, the professional structure of college physics experiment teachers is single, lacking of engineering technical knowledge and experience, and the ability of scientific research and innovation needs to be further improved.Teachers and students do not know enough about the education and training of outstanding engineers, and can realize the importance of the extracurricular scientific and technological innovation practice activities of college students represented by the "Challenge Cup", but the enthusiasm and initiative of participation need to be improved urgently.Secondly, some suggestions of teachers and students with reference value to the teaching reform are obtained: the combination of physics experiment teaching and students' extracurricular scientific and technological innovation practice,The establishment of physics laboratory as a practical base for students' extracurricular scientific and technological innovation is of positive significance to the education and training of outstanding engineers, and will be welcomed by teachers and students. Bilingual teaching of physics experiments is helpful to the education and training of outstanding engineers.The introduction of the application knowledge of physics principles in engineering technology is helpful to the education and training of outstanding engineers and so on.Based on the experiences and practices of developed countries, the theories of pedagogy and psychology, and the policies and measures of schools, this paper discusses the feasibility and positive significance of combining physics experiment teaching with students' extracurricular scientific and technological innovation practice.It also puts forward five feasible methods: 1) combining the teaching content of physics experiment course to set up the experimental instrument development and improvement project, and combining the comprehensive design experiment with the extracurricular science and technology innovation practice project organically, and then combines the comprehensive design experiment with the extracurricular science and technology innovation practice project.The physics laboratory is built into the practice base of students' extracurricular scientific and technological innovation. 4) using the instrument and equipment of the physics laboratory to organize the students to carry out the activities of producing, studying and researching. 5) using the physics laboratory to develop the activities of students' scientific and technological competition.Aiming at the construction of physics experiment teachers, a feasible solution is put forward: to set up a long-term, relatively stable team of physics experiment teachers composed of young doctors, in order to meet the needs of the education and training of outstanding engineers.This paper makes an in-depth study on bilingual teaching of physics experiments and points out the problems faced by bilingual teaching in college physics experiment courses and the practical countermeasures to solve these problems: organizing the translation of computer multimedia bilingual teaching materials and so on;The bilingual teaching network platform of "University Physics experiment" is set up, and the attempt of bilingual teaching in excellent class is made by using the young teachers with doctorate degree.The research work provides a valuable reference for the reform of physics experiment teaching.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G642.4;O4-4

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