我国大学生自主创业的模式选择和对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 19:36

本文选题：大学生 + 自主创业　；参考：《云南财经大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“创新是一个民族进步的灵魂，是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力。”在经济全球化背景下，知识经济高速发展，科技是第一生产力，科技的本质就是创新，创新已经成为国家间经济、科技竞争胜负的决定因素。创业是创新的实践过程。大学生拥有广博的专业知识和活跃的创新思维，创新潜力无限，又希望自己主宰自己的命运，是创业群体当中的一颗明星。另外，伴随着经济形势的跌宕起伏，大众化教育背景下，，大学毕业生数量的刚性供给，造成大学生就业压力不断增大，为大学生就业寻找新的出路迫在眉睫。自主创业作为一种新的就业模式，逐渐映入大学生眼帘，其既能解决大学生就业又能创造新的就业岗位的特点，使其具有很高的研究价值。本文在大学生就业难和国家支持自主创业的背景下，借鉴国外研究经验，梳理国内研究成果，分析大学生创业的内涵和特点，并对大学生自主创业的环境进行全面的SWOT分析，找出大学生自主创业的优劣势和机遇挑战；第三部分，阐述了大学生自主创业的相关就业理论，并对大学生自主创业的现状进行了描述统计分析，分析影响大学生自主创业的主要因素。结果表明，大学生自主创业过程中主要的问题来自大学生、高校、政府和社会四方面，表现为，资金、创业素质、就业观念、创业定位、家庭背景等自身问题；还有高校对创业教育重视不够，创业指导服务不完善，教学方式有待革新，专业设置不合理等；政府对于大学生创业扶持政策不统一，扶持力度不够大，缺乏专门的负责部门，融资渠道单一，融资环境有待改善等；社会对创业支持氛围不够浓厚等。在分析大学生自主创业各方面情况的基础上，探索大学生成功创业的基本模式选择和对策，即创建新企业，加盟连锁和概念创新模式，并从大学生、高校、政府和社会四个视角提出了对策建议。希望能够为大学生自主创业和政府出台相关政策提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:"Innovation is the soul of a nation's progress and the inexhaustible driving force of a country's prosperity."Under the background of economic globalization, with the rapid development of knowledge economy, science and technology is the first productive force, the essence of science and technology is innovation, innovation has become the decisive factor of economic and technological competition among countries.Entrepreneurship is a practical process of innovation.College students have extensive professional knowledge, active innovative thinking, unlimited innovation potential, but also hope to dominate their own destiny, is a star in the entrepreneurial community.In addition, with the ups and downs of the economic situation, under the background of mass education, the rigid supply of the number of college graduates, resulting in the increasing pressure of employment of college students, it is urgent to find a new way out for the employment of college students.As a new employment mode, self-employment has gradually come into the eyes of college students. It can not only solve the characteristics of college students' employment but also create new jobs, which makes it of high research value.Under the background of difficult employment of college students and the support of the state, this paper draws lessons from foreign research experience, combs the domestic research results, analyzes the connotation and characteristics of college students' entrepreneurship, and makes a comprehensive SWOT analysis on the environment of college students' independent entrepreneurship.Find out the advantages and disadvantages of college students' independent entrepreneurship and the opportunities and challenges. The third part expounds the employment theory of college students' independent entrepreneurship, and describes and analyzes the current situation of college students' independent entrepreneurship.This paper analyzes the main factors that affect college students' independent entrepreneurship.The results show that the main problems in the process of college students' self-employment come from four aspects: college students, colleges and universities, government and society. The main problems are: capital, entrepreneurial quality, employment concept, entrepreneurial orientation, family background and so on.There is also a lack of attention to entrepreneurship education in colleges and universities, imperfect guidance services for entrepreneurship, teaching methods to be reformed, unreasonable professional settings, and so on; the government does not have a unified policy on entrepreneurship support for college students, the support is not strong enough, and there is a lack of specialized responsible departments.The financing channel is single, the financing environment needs to be improved and so on.On the basis of analyzing all aspects of college students' independent entrepreneurship, this paper explores the basic mode selection and countermeasures of college students' successful entrepreneurship, that is, to establish new enterprises, join chains and conceptual innovation models, and start from college students and universities.The government and the society four angles of view put forward the countermeasure suggestion.I hope to provide some reference for college students to start their own businesses and the government to issue relevant policies.
【学位授予单位】：云南财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38

【参考文献】