基于Rasch模型与空间规则模型的等值题库构建

发布时间：2018-04-15 02:05

本文选题：Rasch模型 + 空间规则模型　；参考：《云南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：题库作为现代考试的重要出题工具，具有快捷、高效、科学等诸多优点，而题库建设中的等值理论更是现代教育测量的主要发展方向之一。对被试者某种特质的测量也是当今社会测量中的重要内容。题库作为一个测试的主要工具，其被试者专业特质不因试题的差异而改变，是题库等值的一个重要依据。标准化考试完全依赖于等值题库。在我们日常生活中的考试，却没有等值题库的支撑。这也导致这些考试看似公平，其实所运用的方法都是会令人质疑的。要做到测量的科学化、公平化，我们不仅需要运用测验等值模型对测量结果统计分析，也要对测量过程识别，这就需要一个真正的等值题库作为测量工具。本文首先对等值题库建设的国内外现状进行了解，并针对经典测量理论、概化理论及项目反应理论量尺不等距、样本依赖等缺点，引出了Rasch模型。对Rasch模型的理论、方法、特点的研究，得出Rasch模型在现代教育测量中的优越性及量尺的等距性。这也是本文选择Rasch模型作为等值题库开发中等值方法的主要依据。在Rasch模型统计结果中，针对其测量结果Outfit MNSQ、Infit MNSQ参数异常的题目，利用空间规则模型作认知模式的判别，从而修正其题目难度参数，完善题库等值理论。在Rasch模型与空间规则模型等理论基础上，按照题库的构建方法，实现等值题库的构建。本文于在线考试系统的基础上，，构建等值题库。在文中的第6章，对在线考试系统进行了详细的研究与设计。其中包括学生管理模块、管理员管理模块、在线测试模块、试题管理模块、自动组卷模块、参数修正模块。系统采用PHP5.0技术在Apache2.20服务器上，结合SQLServer2000，开发此系统。系统操作方便且移植性强。系统利用回溯算法，以题目难度参数为主要依据，实现等值试卷的自动生成。用生成的两份等值试卷，施测于昆明理工大学2013级建筑工程技术的学生，采用平衡组设计的方法收集等值数据。用Rasch模型作为试卷对被试者施测后的数据统计工具，并结合winsteps软件进行数据分析，得出相同试卷对不同人施测得到题目难度相同及不同试卷对同一人施测得到人能力相同的结果。证明本文等值题库构建方法的正确性。
[Abstract]:As an important tool of modern examination, question bank has many advantages, such as quickness, efficiency, science and so on. The theory of equivalence in the construction of question bank is one of the main developing directions of modern educational measurement.The measurement of a certain trait is also an important part of social measurement.As a main tool of the test, the subject's professional characteristics are not changed by the difference of the test questions, which is an important basis for the equivalence of the question bank.Standardized examinations rely entirely on the equivalent question bank.In our daily life, the test, but no equivalent question bank support.This also makes these tests seem fair, but the methods used are questionable.In order to make the measurement scientific and fair, we not only need to use the test equivalent model to analyze the measurement results, but also to identify the measurement process, which requires a real equivalent question bank as a measuring tool.In this paper, the current situation of the construction of equivalent question bank at home and abroad is first understood, and the Rasch model is introduced in view of the shortcomings of classical measurement theory, generalizability theory and item response theory, such as non-equidistant, sample dependence and so on.The theory, method and characteristics of Rasch model are studied, and the superiority of Rasch model in modern educational measurement and the isometric property of measuring scale are obtained.This is also the main basis for this paper to select Rasch model as the equivalent method in the development of equivalent question bank.In the statistical results of Rasch model, aiming at the problem of abnormal parameters of Outfit MNSQInfit MNSQ, the spatial rule model is used to judge the cognitive model, so as to modify the difficulty parameters and perfect the equivalence theory of question bank.On the basis of the theory of Rasch model and spatial rule model, the construction of equivalent question bank is realized according to the method of constructing item bank.On the basis of the online examination system, this paper constructs the equivalent question bank.In chapter 6, the online examination system is studied and designed in detail.It includes student management module, administrator management module, online test module, test question management module, automatic test paper module, parameter correction module.The system adopts PHP5.0 technology on the Apache2.20 server and combines SQL Server 2000 to develop the system.The system is easy to operate and has strong portability.The system uses backtracking algorithm to realize the automatic generation of equivalent test paper based on the difficulty parameter.In this paper, the equivalent data were collected by using the balance group design method for the students who were applied to the construction engineering technology of Grade 2013 of Kunming University of Technology with two test papers.The Rasch model is used as a statistical tool for the data of the subjects after the test, and the data analysis is carried out with the winsteps software.The results show that the same test paper has the same difficulty to different people and the same ability of different test papers to the same person.It is proved that the method of constructing the equivalent question bank in this paper is correct.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G642.474;G434

【参考文献】