“单干”与“团队”科研模式下创新人才成长规律建模比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 15:23

本文选题：科研模式 + 创新人才　；参考：《江西师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：综合国力的竞争归根结底取决于创新人才的竞争，人才资源是第一资源。创造性的缺失对竞争力有非常显著的影响，没有创新也就无所谓进步。随着大科学时代的到来，各学科知识极大膨胀，科学的综合性和复杂性也促使以“团队合作”的科研模式取代“单干”科研模式来培养人才成为必然趋势。本研究以发表在我国经济学、医学、生物学、化学及物理学等领域中影响因子最高的学术期刊中的文章作为判定研究者科研能力的依据。通过随机数表，本研究对这五大学科中的代表性期刊近15年所刊载的文章进行抽样，共抽取4186篇文章作为研究样本。通过对人才在“单干”与“团队”两种科研模式下的创新能力进行建模比较，本研究得出以下结论：首先，各学科中人才在“单干”和“团队”科研模式下的核心知识增长都呈现Logistic曲线分布，创新能力呈现倒“U”型曲线分布，但人才在这两种科研模式下的成长规律大不相同。“单干”科研模式下，人才的科学探究起步晚，核心知识增长幅度小、极限水平低；其创新能力的启发也较晚，达到创新巅峰的时刻更晚，创新黄金时间和学术周期也更短暂。“团队”科研模式下，人才的科学探究起步早，核心知识增长幅度大，极限水平趋于最大极限值1；创新能力激发阶段早，创新巅峰来的更早，，创新黄金时间和整个学术周期更持久。其次，在各学科人才之间的成长规律比较基础之上，揭示了“单干”科研模式下社会科学中的人才的核心知识增长和创新能力都更高，“团队”科研模式下社会科学和自然科学中人才的成长轨迹基本一致，没有显著差异。再次，在对不同学科中研究者个体在不同科研模式下的成长规律进行比较分析后，发现人才培养中存在的一些问题，如令人窒息的教育教学方式、知识基础的薄弱、国内培养的博士创新能力低、封闭性小群体合作盛行、“50岁”现象等。最后，在各学科中人才在“单干”与“团队”科研模式下的成长规律进行建模比较的基础之上，结合我国人才培养的现实状况，为培养创新人才提供几点建议。
[Abstract]:In the final analysis, the competition of comprehensive national strength depends on the competition of innovative talents, and talent resource is the first resource.Lack of creativity has a very significant impact on competitiveness, without innovation there is no progress.With the arrival of the era of big science, the knowledge of various disciplines expands greatly, and the comprehensiveness and complexity of science also urge the scientific research mode of "team cooperation" to replace the "one-man" mode of scientific research to cultivate talents.This study is based on articles published in the most influential academic journals in the fields of economics, medicine, biology, chemistry and physics.Based on the random number table, this study sampled the articles published in the representative journals of the five disciplines in the past 15 years. A total of 4186 articles were selected as the research samples.By modeling and comparing the innovation ability of talents in the two scientific research modes of "doing alone" and "team", this study draws the following conclusions:First of all, the growth of core knowledge of talents in each discipline under the "one-man" and "team" scientific research mode presents the distribution of Logistic curve, and the innovation ability shows the distribution of inverted "U" curve.But the growth law of talent in these two kinds of scientific research mode is very different.Under the mode of "doing alone", the scientific exploration of talents starts late, the increase of core knowledge is small, the limit level is low, the inspiration of innovation ability is also late, the time of reaching the peak of innovation is later, and the golden time and academic cycle of innovation are also shorter.In the "team" scientific research mode, the scientific exploration of talents starts early, the core knowledge increases greatly, the limit level tends to the maximum limit value 1, the innovation ability stimulates early, and the peak of innovation comes earlier.The prime time of innovation and the whole academic cycle are more lasting.Secondly, on the basis of the comparison of the growth rules among the talents in various disciplines, it is revealed that the core knowledge growth and innovation ability of the talents in the social sciences are higher under the mode of "single job" scientific research.The growth track of talents in social science and natural science is basically the same under the "team" research mode, but there is no significant difference.Thirdly, through the comparative analysis of the growth rules of the individual researchers in different disciplines under different scientific research models, it is found that there are some problems in talent training, such as suffocating education and teaching methods, weak knowledge base.Domestic doctorate innovation ability is low, closed small group cooperation prevalence, "50 years old" phenomenon and so on.Finally, on the basis of modeling and comparison of the growth rules of talents in various disciplines under the mode of "doing alone" and "team", and combining with the actual situation of talent training in our country, some suggestions are provided for the cultivation of innovative talents.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G642.0;G353.1

【参考文献】