我国大学生助学贷款政策执行过程中存在的问题及对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 10:57

本文选题：国家助学贷款 + 政策执行　；参考：《广西大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：国家助学贷款政策是党中央、国务院为实施科教兴国战略,加速人才培养,特别是使经济较困难优秀青年得以深造的重大决策,是国家为了利用金融手段支持高等教育体制的深化改革,促进我国教育事业发展的重要举措。虽然取得了一定的成果,但是由于我国实施国家助学贷款的时间不长,相应的配套措施还不够完善,因此在实施过程中各种潜在的矛盾和问题也逐渐暴露出来。本文通过文献分析、问卷调查、访谈调查和网络调查法,就我国大学生助学贷款政策在执行过程中存在的问题进行分析。论文首先介绍了政策有效执行的条件：政策资源、执行主体、目标群体,以及政策执行的理论模式,为开展研究指明了方向。然后通过阐述国外助学贷款的成功经验和我国助学贷款发展历程及实施现状,提出我国助学贷款在执行过程中存在资格审查工作难、申请贷款手续繁琐、违约问题严重等问题,从政策执行角度,运用政策执行过程模型即“史密斯”模型以及政策执行失效模型即“浴盆”模型,以广西S高职院校为例,从政府、银行、学校、学生四方面对目前存在问题的原因进行分析,在政府方面：政府职能作用不明显、地方认定机构不完善；在银行方面：供求不平衡挫伤银行积极性、助学贷款政策与金融机构的经营性存在矛盾；在学校方面：部分高校资助中心对业务不熟悉、学校对学生信息掌握不准确、贫困生认定过程主观性较大；在学生方面：学生对国家助学贷款政策了解欠缺、部分学生诚信意识淡薄。最后提出改善我国大学生助学贷款政策执行效果的对策：一是通过完善国家助学贷款的相关法律法规,以及把国家助学贷款的中心从高校转移至生源地贷款来充分发挥政府的职能；二是通过加强地方政府、高校、银行的培训并建立合作关系、制定切实可行措施降低贷款违约率,从而提高银行参与国家助学贷款的积极性；三是通过成立专门的国家助学贷款管理机构、加强贷后管理以及构建多层次的资助体系,进一步加强高校贷款的管理责任；四是从加大国家助学贷款政策宣传力度、适时开展阶段性诚信教育、构建大学生个人信用体系等三个方面来加大政策宣传,提升学生诚信意识。
[Abstract]:The national student loan policy is a major decision of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council to implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and to speed up the training of talents, especially to enable outstanding young people with economic difficulties to further their studies. It is an important measure for the government to use financial means to support the deepening reform of higher education system and to promote the development of education in our country. Although some achievements have been made, due to the short time of implementing the national student loan in our country, the corresponding supporting measures are not perfect enough, so all kinds of potential contradictions and problems are gradually exposed in the process of implementation. Through literature analysis, questionnaire survey, interview and network investigation, this paper analyzes the problems existing in the implementation of college student loan policy in China. The paper first introduces the conditions of effective policy implementation: policy resources, executive subject, target group, and the theoretical model of policy implementation, pointing out the direction for the research. Then, by expounding the successful experience of foreign student loan and the developing course and actualizing situation of our country's student loan, the paper points out that there are some problems such as the difficulty of qualification examination, the complicated procedure of applying for loan, the serious problem of breach of contract and so on in the process of implementing student loan in our country. From the perspective of policy implementation, the paper applies the process model of policy implementation, namely "Smith" model, and the model of failure of policy implementation, that is, "bathtub" model. Taking Guangxi S higher vocational college as an example, from the government, bank, school, the government, the bank, the school, Four aspects of students to analyze the existing problems, in the government: the role of the government is not obvious, local institutions are not perfect; in the bank: supply and demand imbalance dampened the enthusiasm of the bank, There are contradictions between the policy of student loan and the management of financial institutions. In the aspect of school, some university aid centers are not familiar with the business, the school is not accurate about the students' information, and the process of identifying poor students is subjective. In terms of students, students lack understanding of the national student loan policy, and some students have a weak sense of honesty. Finally, the author puts forward some countermeasures to improve the effect of college student loan policy in China: first, by perfecting the relevant laws and regulations of the national student loan, And to transfer the center of the national student loan from university to student loan to give full play to the functions of the government; second, by strengthening the training of local governments, universities and banks and establishing cooperative relations, we should formulate practical measures to reduce the loan default rate. In order to improve the enthusiasm of banks to participate in national student loans, the third is to further strengthen the management responsibility of university loans through the establishment of special national student loan management agencies, strengthening the post-loan management and building a multi-level financial support system; The fourth is to strengthen the propaganda of the national student loan policy, to carry out the phased honesty education in good time, to construct the personal credit system of college students, and to enhance the students' honesty consciousness.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.2

【参考文献】