基于GIS技术的赣鄱古代书院和文化名人时空分布特征分析

发布时间：2018-06-03 00:17

本文选题：书院 + 文化名人　；参考：《江西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：书院是古代一种重要的教育组织形式，是古代教育系统中的一个重要分支。书院发展兼受于自然和人文因子的洗涤，勾画了其独特的时空变迁图。事物的演化可以通过获取时空的四维信息来进行历史重现，传统人文科学研究在书院时空数据收集和分析处理及可视化表达中存在诸多限制。本文利用GIS空间化和数字化方法收集和整理包括地形、河流、湖泊、古现代行政区划、古代人口、古代道路、古代城镇在内的基础地理信息，以及古代进士，书院的空间、时间和属性等主体信息，设计和实现赣鄱古代书院和文化名人空间数据库。基于该数据库利用空间统计、缓冲区、栅格计算、空间插值等GIS分析方法探索了江西古代书院及文化名人的时空特征。针对传统信息共享存在时空限制的不足，提出利用网络技术开发赣鄱古代历史文化信息共享平台的基本思路，试图突破传统的信息共享方式。赣鄱古代书院和文化名人空间数据库实现对离散、多源的书院及名人时间、空间和属性信息的收集和管理。空间分析结果显示：书院建设中心区从唐代至清代不断南移，吉州、洪州、饶州、抚州、信州地区在不同的朝代成为书院建设的热点区域；书院建设热点区与人口的分布密集区存在一定的一致性，说明江西古代书院的建设受到经济因素的深重影响；古代农业经济主要受制于自然条件的优越程度，对新建书院高程的分析结果显示书院的选址主要在平原地区；宋代因为受到理学和佛道教育的影响，亦有相对其他时期更多的书院建于山林处；随着生产力的不断提高和人口的不断增加，平原区的人口向山林转移，书院文化的不断扩张，封建科举制度的不断腐化，使清代的书院发展较多建于山林处；书院距离城镇和道路等经济因子的距离普遍小于距离河流等自然要素的距离说明经济因子的影响大于自然因子，而且其影响自宋代开始有不断加深的趋势，这与宋代开始的书院官学化和明代显现的书院科举化密切相关；朱熹、文天祥等文化名人的生平活动范围主要集中于他们的生活区和学术区，且这种活动影响书院文化的传播；进士出处的分布格局与书院的分布格局存在较大的一致性，，说明古代书院在进士人才培养中扮演重要角色。赣鄱古代书院和文化名人时空信息共享平台在构建的基本思路下实现数据浏览、查询、分析和协同交流，突破传统数据共享方式，利于数据的修正与丰富。本文最后讨论了本研究中存在的问题和可丰富的内容。
[Abstract]:College is an important form of educational organization in ancient times and an important branch of ancient educational system. The development of the academy was washed by the natural and human factors, and its unique map of temporal and spatial changes was drawn. The evolution of things can be reconstructed by acquiring the four dimensional information of time and space. Traditional humanities research has many limitations in the collection, analysis, processing and visualization of spatio-temporal data. This paper uses GIS spatial and digital methods to collect and organize basic geographic information including topography, rivers, lakes, ancient modern administrative divisions, ancient population, ancient roads, ancient cities and towns, as well as the space of ancient scholars and academies. Design and implement Gan po ancient academy and cultural celebrity spatial database with time and attribute information. Based on this database, the spatial and temporal characteristics of Jiangxi ancient academies and cultural celebrities are explored by using spatial statistics, buffer, grid calculation, spatial interpolation and other GIS analysis methods. In view of the limitation of time and space in the traditional information sharing, this paper puts forward the basic idea of using the network technology to develop the information sharing platform of the ancient history and culture of Ganpo, and tries to break through the traditional information sharing mode. Gangpo ancient academy and cultural celebrity spatial database realize the collection and management of discrete, multi-source college and celebrity time, space and attribute information. The result of spatial analysis shows that the central district of academy construction moved southward from Tang Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and Jizhou, Hongzhou, Raozhou, Fuzhou and Xinzhou became the hot spots of academy construction in different dynasties. There is a certain consistency between the hotspots of academy construction and the distribution and concentration of population, which indicates that the construction of Jiangxi ancient academy is heavily influenced by economic factors, and the ancient agricultural economy is mainly restricted by the superior degree of natural conditions. The analysis of the height of the newly-built academies shows that the location of the academies is mainly located in the plain areas, and that more academies were built in the mountains and forests in the Song Dynasty because of the influence of Neo-Confucianism and Buddhism education. With the continuous improvement of productivity and population, the population of the plain area transferred to the mountain forest, the culture of the academy was expanded, and the feudal imperial examination system was continuously corrupted, which made the development of the academy in the Qing Dynasty more established in the mountain forest. The distance between the academy and the economic factors such as towns and roads is generally smaller than that of natural factors such as rivers, which indicates that the influence of economic factors is greater than that of natural factors, and its influence has a trend of deepening since the Song Dynasty. This is closely related to the official study of academies in the Song Dynasty and the imperial examination of the academies in the Ming Dynasty. The activities of cultural celebrities such as Zhu Xi and Wen Tianxiang are mainly concentrated in their living areas and academic areas, and this kind of activity affects the spread of academy culture. The distribution pattern of the provenance of Jin Shi is consistent with that of the academy, which indicates that the ancient academy plays an important role in the cultivation of talents. Gangpo ancient academy and cultural celebrity space-time information sharing platform can realize data browsing, query, analysis and collaborative communication under the basic idea of construction, break through the traditional way of data sharing, and facilitate the revision and enrichment of data. Finally, this paper discusses the existing problems and rich content in this study.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G649.299

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