高校毕业生就业力问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 09:03

本文选题：高校毕业生 + 就业力　；参考：《江西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年，我国高校毕业生就业问题已然成为了社会热点，并引发了各界的广泛关注和讨论。其中高校毕业生就业难、用人单位招人难的就业结构性矛盾尤为突出。一方面是高校毕业生对劳动力市场供大于求，另一方面更是毕业生素质与市场需求之间存在差距。如何解决两者之间的不对称，帮助更多的高校毕业生增强就业竞争力、更好的就业成为摆在众多研究者面前的难题。通过毕业生就业力问题的研究为提高毕业生就业力解决就业结构性矛盾提供了一个新的思路。就业力是个体获得初次就业、保持就业以及在必要时获得新就业的能力。对它的研究起源于欧美，，兴盛于20世纪90年代的人力资源管理领域。我国就业力研究起步较晚，至2004年开始出现有关就业力的研究文献。此后论文数量逐年上升，从侧面反映出就业力已逐渐成为研究热点。本文在众多文献查阅和分析的基础上，配以访谈法和问卷调查法，构建出高校毕业生就业力水平和影响因素模型。将影响因素分为七个维度，即个人基本素质、思想道德素质、科学素养、能力素养、职业素养、工作经验和其他社会因素。并通过SPSS17.0统计软件分析，得出影响高校毕业生就业力水平高低的重要影响因素，并建立起相应的回归模型。分析表明，个人基本素质方面所学专业、学历、性格特点等对就业力水平存在影响；思想道德素质中，勤工俭学、公益服务对就业力有显著性影响；科学素养的解释度最高为38.9%，影响较大的为英语和计算机水平、奖学金、职业证书等；职业素养中，参加就业培训和职业规划对提升高校毕业生就业力水平影响的解释度有22.8%；工作经验对就业力水平有影响，其中一周和一个月的影响较大；其他社会因素中，父母学历、获取就业渠道、学校类型均对就业力水平影响较大。针对分析结果，提出学校要注重专业课教育、职业规划和就业培训，积极组织学生参加实践；学生要制定适合自身的职业生涯规划，据此规划有步骤提高自身就业力；用人单位应多向学校反馈用人情况，参与到学校人才培养当中。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the employment of college graduates in China has become a social hot spot, and has aroused widespread concern and discussion from all walks of life. Among them, the employment of college graduates is difficult, and the structural contradiction of employment is particularly prominent. On the one hand, there is a gap between the quality of graduates and market demand. How to solve the asymmetry between the two, to help more college graduates to enhance their employment competitiveness, better employment has become a difficult problem facing many researchers. The research on the employability of graduates provides a new way to improve the employability of graduates to solve the structural contradiction of employment. Employability is the ability of individuals to obtain initial employment, maintain employment and, if necessary, obtain new employment. The research on it originated in Europe and America and flourished in the field of human resource management in 1990's. The research on employability in our country started late, and in 2004, there appeared the literature on employability. Since then, the number of papers has increased year by year, reflecting the employment force has gradually become a research hotspot. On the basis of many references and analysis, this paper constructs a model of the employability level and influencing factors of college graduates with interview method and questionnaire survey method. The influencing factors are divided into seven dimensions, namely, personal basic quality, ideological and moral quality, scientific accomplishment, ability accomplishment, professional accomplishment, work experience and other social factors. Through the analysis of SPSS 17.0 statistical software, the important factors influencing the employability of college graduates are obtained, and the corresponding regression model is established. The analysis shows that the major, education and personality characteristics of one's basic quality have an influence on the employability level, and the work-study and public service have a significant influence on the employability in the ideological and moral quality. The highest degree of interpretation of scientific literacy is 38.9, and the most influential factors are English and computer level, scholarship, vocational certificate, etc. In vocational literacy, the degree of interpretation of the influence of participating in employment training and career planning on improving the employability of college graduates is 22.8. Work experience has an effect on employability level, including one week and one month, other social factors, parents' education, access to employment channels, school type have a greater impact on the employability level. In view of the analysis results, the author puts forward that schools should pay attention to professional education, career planning and employment training, actively organize students to participate in practice, students should formulate career plans suitable for their own, according to which they should improve their employability step by step. The unit of choose and employ persons should give feedback to the school and participate in the training of school talents.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G647.38

【参考文献】