博茨瓦纳高等院校课程设置研究

发布时间：2018-07-07 06:59

本文选题：博茨瓦纳 + 高等院校　；参考：《浙江师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当前我国高等学校课程改革的背景下,课程设置研究的重要性越来越受到关注。同为发展中国家的博茨瓦纳,其高等院校课程设置的经验与教训都是值得我国高校深思的。本研究主要以博茨瓦纳高等院校的课程设置为研究对象,运用文献研究、历史研究和比较研究等研究方法,对博茨瓦纳高等院校课程设置的演进进行了梳理,并以课程设置的目标、结构、内容、实施和课程考核为分析比较的维度对博茨瓦纳公、私立高等院校课程设置的现状与特点进行了深入分析,以及进一步探讨了博茨瓦纳高等院校课程设置的新发展。研究发现,依据高等院校的发展历程,博茨瓦纳高等院校课程设置的演进可以分为四个阶段：以宗教主导为特点的庇护十二世学院时期(1945-1964)；以国家合作办学为特点的联合大学时期(1964-1982)；以院校建设为特点的高等院校逐步发展时期(1982-2006)；以及以市场导向为特点的高等院校大发展时期(2006至今)。博茨瓦纳公立高等院校课程设置的现状与特点,在课程目标上表现为致力于培养全面发展和具有国际视野的人才；在课程结构上表现为通识课程实施不到位,核心课程比重偏大,选修课程门类渐增,实践性课程与理论性课程相结合；在课程内容上主要表现为重视基础理论性课程、跨学科性、国际化和本土化；在课程实施与考核上表现为形式灵活多样。不同于公立高等院校,博茨瓦纳私立高等院校课程设置的现状与特点,在课程目标上侧重于培养具有就业能力和适应市场需要的人才；在课程结构上表现为重专业课程轻通识课程,多核心课程少选修课程；在课程内容上表现为国际化与职业化；在课程实施与考核上表现为形式较为单一。此外,博茨瓦纳高等院校课程设置还有一些新发展,主要表现为创业教育课程的发展；对技术教育与职业培训课程的重视；HIV/AIDS教育课程的实施；设置信息技术类课程的倾向。最后,本研究对博茨瓦纳高等院校的课程设置进行了总结与思考。本文认为在处理教育模式中的“西方化”与“本土化”方面,对博茨瓦纳高等院校来说,加强能力建设并基于本土知识的价值开发课程是重要的；在处理高等教育与工作世界的关系方面,博茨瓦纳高等院校应当在人才培养目标中兼顾人文教育与职业教育的需要,保持与工作世界的平衡关系；在为新课程提供课程资源方面,博茨瓦纳高等院校可以根据各地和各校的实际情况,发掘校内外课程资源。从对博茨瓦纳高等院校课程设置的总结与思考中,反观我国高校课程设置的发展现状：首先,在课程国际化与本土化的关系问题上,我国高校要充分发掘本民族的文化精髓,形成富有本民族特色的课程改革思想与大学课程文化。其次,在通识课程设置问题上,我国高校要深化通识教育改革,加强通识课程的知识内涵与深度,回归人本身,为终身学习奠基。第三,在必修课与选修课比例问题上,我国高校在增设选修课的同时注意与必修课间的联系,保证知识的完整性和相对稳定性。最后,在理论性课程与实践性课程比例问题上,我国高校要做到使学生既有理论的深度又有实践的广度。
[Abstract]:In the background of curriculum reform in China ' s colleges and universities , the importance of curriculum setup research has become more and more concerned . The experience and lessons of the curriculum setup in Botswana and its institutions of higher learning in developing countries are worthy of our universities ' deep thinking .

This research is mainly based on the research object of the course of Botswana ' s higher education institutions , uses the research methods of literature research , historical research and comparative study , and makes a thorough analysis on the present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement in Botswana public and private higher education institutions by means of literature research , historical research and comparative study , and further discusses the new development of the curriculum setting of Botswana higher education institutions .

It is found that according to the development course of higher education institutions , the evolution of curriculum arrangement in Botswana ' s higher education institutions can be divided into four stages : the period of asylum - XII college with religious dominance ( 1945 - 1964 ) ;
Joint university period characterized by national cooperative school running ( 1964 - 1982 ) ;
The Development Period of Colleges and Universities with the Characteristics of University Construction ( 1982 - 2006 ) ;
The present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement of the public higher education institutions of Botswana , which is characterized by market orientation , is characterized by the present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement of the public higher education institutions of Botswana , which is characterized by its commitment to the cultivation of all - round development and people with international vision ;
In the course structure , the implementation of general course is not in place , the proportion of core curriculum is large , the course of elective course is increasing , and the practical course is combined with the theoretical curriculum ;
On the content of the course , we attach importance to the basic theory course , interdisciplinary , internationalization and localization ;
In the course implementation and assessment , there are various forms of flexibility , which is different from the present situation and characteristics of the curriculum arrangement of private higher education institutions and Botswana private colleges , and focuses on the training of talents with the ability of employment and the needs of the market .
In the course structure , the curriculum structure is featured as the light general course of the heavy professional course , and the multi - core curriculum is subject to fewer elective courses ;
On the course content , it shows internationalization and professionalism ;
In addition , there are some new developments in the curriculum arrangement of Botswana ' s higher education institutions , mainly in the development of entrepreneurship education curriculum ;
To attach importance to technical education and vocational training courses ;
Implementation of HIV / AIDS education curriculum ;
Sets the tendency of information technology class courses .

Finally , this paper summarizes and thinks about the curriculum arrangement of Botswana ' s higher education institutions . In this paper , it is important to strengthen the capacity - building and develop the curriculum based on local knowledge in the aspects of " western " and " localization " in the education model .
In dealing with the relationship between the higher education and the working world , Botswana ' s higher education institutions should take into account the needs of the humanities education and vocational education in the target of personnel training , and maintain the balance with the working world ;
In the provision of curriculum resources for new courses , Botswana ' s higher education institutions can explore the resources of internal and external curriculum based on the actual situation of various schools and schools .

Based on the summing - up and thinking of the curriculum arrangement of Botswana ' s higher education institutions , the present situation of the curriculum reform in our country is : Firstly , in the relationship between internationalization and localization of curriculum , our universities should fully explore the cultural essence of our nation and form the course reform thought and the university course culture with the characteristic of this nationality . Secondly , in the course of the course setting , our universities should deepen the reform of general education , strengthen the knowledge connotation and depth of the course , and ensure the integrity and relative stability of knowledge . At last , in theory course and practical course ratio problem , our universities should make the students have both theoretical and practical breadth .
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G642.3

【参考文献】